Scientists from institutions such as Curtin University in Australia and the University of Oxford in the UK, using a planetary scale radio telescope network, have for the first time measured the instantaneous energy of one of the most magnificent phenomena in the universe - black hole jets, marking a crucial step towards understanding how black holes shape the face of the universe. The latest discovery strongly supports the hypothesis that black holes play a crucial role in shaping the structure of galaxies. The relevant paper was published in the latest issue of the journal Nature Astronomy. The observation results show that one of the youngest known black holes spews out energy equivalent to 10000 suns and rushes at half the speed of light. The research focuses on the Cygnus X-1 system, which includes the first confirmed black hole and a massive supergiant orbiting each other. To complete the measurement, the team called on a group of radio telescopes with distant distances to work together. This layout allows them to witness the scene of the strong winds blowing from the companion star continuously twisting and bending the jet stream as the black hole orbits, similar to the strong winds twisting the fountain water flow on Earth. By measuring the intensity of stellar winds and tracking the magnitude of jet deflection, the team determined the energy of a black hole jet at a specific moment. This is the first time scientists have directly measured the instantaneous energy of a black hole jet, previously they could only estimate the average energy of the jet over a long period of time (thousands or even millions of years). The team also measured that the velocity of the jet is about half the speed of light, and overcoming this speed measurement challenge has been a goal that the academic community has been striving for for many years. The latest research also found that when matter falls into a black hole, about one tenth of the energy is carried away by the jet. This is exactly the assumption value commonly used by the academic community in large-scale simulations of the universe, but it has been extremely difficult to confirm it through observation before. The team stated that black hole jets are a crucial source of feedback to the surrounding environment and are essential for understanding the evolution of galaxies. (New Society)