Pollen allergy and cold symptoms are somewhat similar, so it is important to distinguish them accurately. Pollen syndrome does not present with symptoms such as fever or muscle soreness, and has obvious seasonality. Typical symptoms include nasal itching, eye itching, tearing, sneezing, etc. For most patients, the most important treatment medication is nasal corticosteroids. Standardized treatment emphasizes sufficient dosage, sufficient treatment duration, and early medication, rather than temporary relief after symptom outbreaks. Before going out, "three checks" should be made: checking the time, weather, and forecast. Outdoor activities should wear a "three piece set": N95 or medical surgical masks, goggles or well sealed sunglasses, smooth surface long clothes and pants. Spring is warm and blooming. At this season, some people are preparing to go for an outing to admire the flowers and enjoy outdoor time, but there are also some who can only sigh at the spring scenery in the garden - their noses are itching, their sneezes cannot stop, their watery noses cannot be stopped, their eyes are red, itchy, and sour. In severe cases, they cough at night and can't sleep, even their breathing is stuffy. They are likely suffering from hay fever. What are the manifestations of hay fever? What measures can alleviate symptoms? Pollen allergy, also known as pollen allergy, is essentially an allergic disease caused by the abnormal immune response of the human body to certain pollen in the air. ”Wang Zixi, Deputy Chief Physician of the Allergy Department at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, said that allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis are more common, manifested as nasal itching, nasal congestion, eye itching, tearing, sneezing, and watery nasal discharge. Some patients may also experience throat itching, ear itching, coughing, and even chest tightness and wheezing. The symptoms of hay fever are somewhat similar to those of a cold, how to distinguish them? According to Wang Zixi, colds are mostly infectious diseases, mostly caused by viruses. In addition to nasal congestion and runny nose, they are often accompanied by fever, sore throat, fatigue, muscle soreness and other infectious manifestations, without obvious seasonal regularity; Pollen allergy is an allergic inflammation that often has strong seasonality, occurring at a certain time every year. Pollen syndrome can be treated. ”Wang Zixi said, "Firstly, medication treatment. For most patients, the most important treatment medication is nasal corticosteroids, which can be combined with second-generation antihistamines according to the condition. Some patients may need to add leukotriene receptor antagonists." It should be noted that standardized treatment emphasizes sufficient dosage, sufficient treatment duration, and early medication, rather than temporary relief after symptom outbreak. Experts suggest that individuals with clear allergens, moderate to severe pollen allergies, symptoms affecting quality of life, poor drug treatment efficacy, or inability to tolerate side effects may consider receiving desensitization injections upon diagnosis by a specialist. At present, the main desensitization injections used are streptavidin and omalizumab. Sprucubizumab is not only effective for allergic rhinitis, but also has therapeutic effects on moderate to severe asthma and atopic dermatitis. The use of omalizumab can treat moderate to severe allergic asthma and significantly reduce the symptoms of nasal conjunctivitis in pollen allergy patients, but the patient's IgE (immunoglobulin E) level needs to be tested before injection. The contraindications for desensitization needles include uncontrolled severe asthma and immune system diseases. Pregnant or planned pregnant women need to be evaluated by a specialist before receiving desensitization injections. Seek medical attention promptly if specific symptoms appear. Wang Zixi reminded that in addition to nasal and eye symptoms, when experiencing repeated coughing, chest tightness, wheezing, especially at night when symptoms are obvious, one should be alert to pollen allergy asthma; Eating certain fruits and nuts may cause itching of the lips, discomfort in the mouth, and even trigger a systemic reaction, which may be a pollen food cross reaction. If these symptoms occur, one should promptly go to the hospital's allergy department for evaluation and treatment to avoid worsening of the condition. Spring is a beautiful season for outdoor sports. How to take good protective measures when going out? Ma Tingting, chief physician of Beijing Century Altar Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University, suggests that before going out, one should "check three things": check the time, pollen concentration usually reaches its peak from 10am to 5pm, and reduce going out during this period; Depending on the weather, pollen dispersal is most severe on sunny, dry, and windy days. When encountering strong convective weather such as thunderstorms, pollen dispersal is faster and it is best not to go out. After rain, pollen is washed away, which is the best time for outdoor activities; Watch the forecast and pay attention to the pollen concentration forecast issued by the local meteorological department. Wear a "three piece set" for protection: wear a mask, choose N95 mask or medical surgical mask, ordinary cotton mask cannot block pollen particles; Wear goggles or well sealed sunglasses to prevent pollen from entering the eyes and causing allergic conjunctivitis; Wear long clothes and pants with smooth surfaces, such as assault jackets and windbreakers, and avoid wearing plush clothing that is prone to absorbing pollen. After returning home, there are three ways to block pollen outside the door: change, take off your coat at the door, do not wear it into the bedroom, hang your coat in a ventilated area or clean it directly; Wash your face, rinse your mouth, and eyes with clean water; Rinse the nasal cavity with physiological saline. (New Society)