Equipped with an intelligent bionic hand, amputees can easily use a pen to write calligraphy; Implanting a brain computer interface system into the brain enables high paraplegic patients to move a computer cursor and control a wheelchair to walk downstairs with their minds... In recent years, with breakthroughs in neural signal processing, biocompatible materials, artificial intelligence, and other technologies, brain computer interfaces have begun to move from sci-fi scenarios to clinical applications, bringing new hope to the treatment and rehabilitation of many patients. The 15th Five Year Plan proposes to promote quantum technology, biomanufacturing, hydrogen and nuclear fusion energy, brain computer interfaces, embodied intelligence, and sixth generation mobile communication as new economic growth points. What is the prospect of brain computer interfaces and when will they enter ordinary households? How to break through bottlenecks and accelerate consumer applications? These have become hot topics of discussion among representatives and members of this year's National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Last year can be said to be a crucial year for the implementation of policies in the field of brain computer interfaces to promote technological progress. ”Ming Dong, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Vice President of Tianjin University, told Science and Technology Daily reporters that seven departments including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology have jointly issued documents to promote the innovative development of brain computer interfaces. Accelerating the development of brain computer interfaces not only involves advancing technology research and development, achievement transformation, and application, but also gradually improving pilot testing standards, ethical norms, and other aspects. Especially in March 2025, the National Healthcare Security Administration has separately approved the pricing of brain computer interface medical services. In Mingdong's view, this is a milestone of exemplary significance for brain computer interfaces - "moving from the laboratory to clinical medical insurance is a crucial step." Since then, various regions have followed suit, and Tianjin has also introduced separate charging standards for brain computer interfaces. Policy support promotes technological progress, whether non-invasive or invasive, with frequent breakthroughs in the field of brain computer interfaces: Tianjin University's "Divine Engineer - Lingxi Finger" is the world's first wearable brain controlled external limb system, which allows users to control the mechanical "sixth finger" to complete grasping actions through their thoughts; A brain computer interface core device developed by Tsinghua University with built-in "biological stealth" technology can allow nerve cells to "drill" naturally like "going home", helping to solve the long-term safety and signal stability issues of invasive brain devices. Huang Li, a National People's Congress representative and chairman of Wuhan Gaode Infrared Co., Ltd., stated that the commercialization of non-invasive brain computer interfaces has been rapidly implemented, and consumer grade prototypes have been established in fields such as sleep monitoring, fatigue warning, and rehabilitation assistance. Invasive brain computer interfaces are in a critical period of breakthroughs in underlying technology and clinical validation, with technologies represented by ultra-high density implantable chips making a qualitative leap in extremely high resolution and bidirectional communication. It will take 5 to 10 years for brain computer interfaces to become popular. With the continuous renovation of technology and products, when will brain computer interfaces move from being a "necessity for treatment" to becoming a "life enhancer" for popularization? Mingdong's view is cautious and dialectical, 'This time is really difficult to predict'. He admitted that from the perspective of application order, brain computer interfaces will inevitably be supplied to the people who need them the most - patients in the medical and health field who have demand. As brain computer interfaces empower and provide solutions for more disease lineages, they will eventually spill over to the consumer level. As a technology-based enterprise, Huang Li's prediction is relatively more specific. He believes that it will take about 5 to 10 years for brain computer interfaces to become ubiquitous "life enhancing products". This requires us to make breakthroughs in the long-term biocompatibility of electrodes, ultra-low power consumption of chips, and minimally invasive surgery. In the consumer field, the direction of brain computer interfaces will focus on 'high bandwidth human-computer interaction'. ”Huang Li stated that in the future, people will directly control smart homes, drive exoskeleton devices, and even achieve assistance and enhancement of human cognitive abilities through their minds. The supply of talent and technology urgently needs to break through. Faced with the critical window period of industrialization of brain computer interfaces during the 15th Five Year Plan period, two representatives and committee members coincidentally pointed out the deep-seated challenges currently faced and provided suggestions. The development of brain computer interfaces in China lacks both scenarios and funding, but rather two supply side capabilities - technology supply and talent supply. ”Mingdong stated that from the application side, the scenarios are clear and they are all waiting for the brain computer interface to enter; However, on the supply side, low technological maturity and insufficient talent reserves make it difficult to support the rapid industrialization of brain computer interfaces. Therefore, Mingdong suggests that firstly, we should increase the intensity of talent cultivation and effectively improve the quality of talent cultivation; The second is to accelerate technological iteration while also focusing on underlying innovation, making various key software and hardware technologies in the technology chain more mature. Huang Lize summarized the challenges into three levels: extreme engineering and technical challenges, extreme shortage of versatile talents, and large-scale dilution of application costs. He suggested adhering to the dual wheel drive of "demand-oriented and technological breakthroughs", relying on the scientific, educational, and medical resources of advantageous regions to establish a national level brain science and technology innovation center, and directly guiding technological iteration through "medical engineering integration" to meet clinical needs. When the technology supply side and talent supply side are abundant and mature enough, the development of brain computer interfaces will come naturally and mature, and will definitely 'fly into ordinary people's homes'. ”Mingdong is looking ahead. (New Society)