This year marks the beginning of the 15th Five Year Plan, and the upcoming 2026 National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference have attracted widespread attention. What are the hot topics of this year's National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference? What important deployments will be made in the first year? Recently, reporters interviewed several industry insiders and used five key words to gain insight into the highlights and hot topics closely related to the economic field during this year's National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. One of the key words: the beginning of the 15th Five Year Plan. 2026 is the year of the beginning of the 15th Five Year Plan, and the draft outline of the 15th Five Year Plan will also be reviewed during this year's National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. How to promote a good start and make a good start in the 15th Five Year Plan has become a focus of attention from all walks of life. The period of the 15th Five Year Plan is a crucial period for consolidating the foundation and making comprehensive efforts to achieve socialist modernization. Luo Zhiheng, Chief Economist and Dean of the Research Institute at Yuekai Securities, stated that the level of economic development during the "15th Five Year Plan" period directly affects the achievement of "per capita GDP reaching the level of moderately developed countries" by 2035. This period is also a period of deep changes in the international political and economic landscape. The core of economic development lies in the demand side adhering to domestic demand as the mainstay, and the supply side adhering to the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, while attaching importance to preventing and resolving risks, and responding to external uncertainties with internal certainty. Luo Zhiheng stated that to achieve a good start to the 15th Five Year Plan, efforts should be made through reform and countercyclical regulation, starting from four dimensions: promoting supply-demand balance, accelerating the transformation of old and new driving forces, improving the utilization of production factors, and enhancing the enthusiasm of micro entities, fully tapping into the potential for China's economic growth. It is worth noting that the "15th Five Year Plan" proposes to prioritize the strategic task of "building a modern industrial system and consolidating and strengthening the foundation of the real economy". Wang Zhiqin, Vice President of the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, believes that the critical window period for the "15th Five Year Plan" has arrived. We must base our efforts on national conditions, scientifically plan and coordinate our efforts, lead by forward-looking system layout, drive by cutting-edge technological breakthroughs, take enterprises as the main body, and ensure the integration of innovative elements and forward-looking governance. We must take the lead, take a stable and fast track approach, and continue to promote new breakthroughs in China's future industries. Keyword 2: Proactive and proactive. The Political Bureau meeting of the Communist Party of China Central Committee held on February 27th pointed out the implementation of more proactive and proactive macro policies. The meeting emphasized the need to continue implementing more proactive fiscal policies and moderately loose monetary policies, and to strengthen the coordination between reform measures and macroeconomic policies. How to reflect the "positive and proactive" macro policies this year is expected to become an important topic for the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. From the perspective of fiscal policy, Zhao Wei, Chief Economist of Shenwan Hongyuan Securities, believes that it is expected that the necessary fiscal deficit, total debt scale, and total expenditure will still be maintained in 2026. At the same time, we attach great importance to the coordinated linkage between fiscal and financial policies, optimize resource allocation through "re lending+fiscal interest subsidies" and guarantee credit enhancement, effectively reduce the financing costs of various business entities, and stimulate the vitality of private investment. From the perspective of monetary policy, Yuan Haixia, President of China Chengxin International Research Institute, stated that monetary policy will continue to be moderately loose and focus more on precise force. In January of this year, a comprehensive structural interest rate cut was carried out, and there may be opportunities for interest rate cuts and (targeted) reserve requirement ratio cuts within the year. The use of structural tools will be further increased. She said that structural monetary policy tools are still the focus, and support for key areas such as consumption, technology, green, and elderly care will continue to be increased in the future. Boosting consumption will also become an important focus of macroeconomic policies. Xiong Yi, Chief Economist of Deutsche Bank Greater China, stated that boosting consumption remains the top priority of macroeconomic policies this year, and stimulating the potential for service consumption will be of paramount importance. Through a series of policy combinations such as breaking down supply restrictions in various service industries, enriching and upgrading consumption scenarios, and improving vacation systems to increase residents' leisure time, the consumption potential of Chinese residents in leisure, tourism, health, elderly care, and other fields is expected to be fully unleashed. Keyword Three: Investing in People "was first included in the government work report last year. The "15th Five Year Plan" proposes to "adhere to the close integration of benefiting people's livelihoods and promoting consumption, investing in goods and investing in people" and "strengthen investment in human resources development and comprehensive human development." At the Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of last year, "it is also important to adhere to the close integration of investment in goods and investment in people. Industry insiders believe that how to promote investment to "see things" and "see people" will become a key policy point this year, and will also be one of the hot topics of discussion among representatives and committee members during this year's National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. The investment of 'seeing things' and' seeing people 'is reflected in the fact that the final physical workload of investment will play a crucial role in improving people's livelihoods. Wei Qijia, a researcher at the National Information Center of the National Development and Reform Commission, believes that in the process of promoting the practical implementation of people's livelihood, three factors need to be highly concerned. One is the structure of government fiscal expenditure. On the premise that the overall expenditure is basically constant, optimize the expenditure structure and tilt towards the livelihood sector with focus and direction. The second is forward-looking planning. Many issues in the field of people's livelihood are closely related to cyclical factors, which require both current and long-term perspectives. The third is to invest in inclusive, fundamental, and bottom-up livelihood construction. Chi Fulin, President of the China (Hainan) Reform and Development Research Institute, stated that comprehensive "investment in people" and comprehensive protection and improvement of people's livelihoods require both fundraising and strategic decision-making. In his view, achieving initial equalization of basic medical care between urban and rural areas, popularizing compulsory education at the high school level, improving the birth support system, and establishing a "birth subsidy system" are all key investment directions. Keyword 4: Intelligent Economy From "one click generation" of personalized New Year's greetings videos to humanoid robots becoming "versatile actors" on the Spring Festival Gala stage, this year's Spring Festival, artificial intelligence once again "flooded the screen", demonstrating the technological progress from "speaking" to "doing", and also opening up broad prospects for the development of intelligent economy. The Opinions on Deepening the Implementation of the "Artificial Intelligence+" Action issued by the State Council last year proposed that "by 2027, we will take the lead in achieving extensive and deep integration of artificial intelligence with six key areas, with a penetration rate of over 70% for new generation intelligent terminals, intelligent agents and other applications, and the scale of core industries in the intelligent economy will grow rapidly. From the perspective of its own development, the new generation of artificial intelligence will bring new increments to economic growth. ”Pu Songtao, Director of the Future Industry Research Center at the China Academy of Electronic Information Industry Development, stated that large models and intelligent agents are expected to give rise to new business models. It is expected that in the next few years, large model services, which are mainly based on information services, will further enter human production and life, becoming a new type of service format. In addition, "soft intelligent agents" such as digital humans and intelligent systems are expected to bring new artificial intelligence service experiences; AI cars, humanoid robots and other "hard intelligent agents" are also moving from laboratories to practical applications, and the application of humanoid robots in fields such as home services and industrial manufacturing has attracted much attention. The deeper integration of artificial intelligence and various industries will turn technological variables into industry increments and transform scene advantages into competitive advantages. Gu Weixi, director of the Intelligence Research Institute of China Industrial Internet Research Institute, believes that we should take AI as the key engine for developing new quality productivity, deepen the integrated application of "AI+", target manufacturing, agriculture, service industry, livelihood services, urban governance and other key areas, expand large-scale application scenarios, and use scenario innovation to drive technological iteration, industrial upgrading and model innovation. Build a virtuous cycle ecology where demand drives supply and supply creates demand, strengthen integrated support such as supply and demand matching, project incubation, and investment and financing docking, help promote the deep integration of artificial intelligence technology with the real economy, and enhance the overall intelligence level of the industry. Keyword Five: Comprehensive Reform of Investment and Financing. The Central Economic Work Conference proposed to continuously deepen the comprehensive reform of capital market investment and financing. Standing at the new starting point of the 15th Five Year Plan, how to fully leverage the hub function of the capital market through comprehensive reform of investment and financing, and serve the development of technological innovation and new quality productivity has become the focus of market attention. Chen Li, Chief Economist of Chuancai Securities, believes that reform should focus on the coordinated efforts of investment and financing, accelerate the improvement of a modern capital market system with complete functions, efficient operation, and standardized transparency, and smooth the virtuous cycle of technology, industry, and finance. In fact, from the perspective of financing, in recent years, the China Securities Regulatory Commission has focused on deepening the reform of the "Two Innovation Board", launching reform measures such as setting up a growth layer for science and technology on the board, and using a more inclusive third set of listing standards on the Growth Enterprise Market. The "technological content" of the capital market continues to increase. The data also shows that as of the end of 2025, various types of medium and long-term funds hold a total circulating market value of approximately 23 trillion yuan in A-shares. Focusing on improving the quality of financing, continuing to deepen the registration system reform, enhancing the inclusiveness of multi-level markets, and enriching the financing tools for hard technology enterprises. Focusing on increasing efficiency on the investment side, introducing long-term funds such as pension and insurance into the market, improving the long-term investment mechanism, while strengthening the governance and dividend mechanism of listed companies, and enhancing investor protection. ”Tang Zhehui, Co Managing Partner of AnYong Greater China Audit Services Market, said. (New Society)