When someone faints, everyone immediately rushes forward to capture the scene, which has become a common scene in many movies and TV dramas. So, when encountering a fainting person, do the widely circulated remedies of "pinching the person" and "feeding water" really work? Listen to the doctor's detailed explanation. The first aid method of "fainting the child" is not advisable, according to Wan Zhi, chief physician of West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Methods such as "pinching the person" and "feeding water" are not scientific first aid methods, and some operations may even worsen the condition. Among them, 'pinching the person' may temporarily awaken the patient due to strong pain stimulation, but it cannot solve the fundamental cause of fainting, and excessive force may also cause damage to the skin and soft tissues; When fainting, the patient's swallowing reflex is weakened, and feeding water at this time may cause coughing, aspiration, and even pneumonia or suffocation. The four common causes of fainting are introduced by Wanzhi. Fainting is a sudden and brief state of loss of consciousness, which usually lasts for a few seconds to minutes and may resolve on its own. However, it is not the same concept as what we usually refer to as dizziness, vertigo, vertigo, and coma. There are four common reasons for fainting. One common cause is orthostatic hypotension, which occurs when standing up after prolonged squatting, dehydration, or improper use of antihypertensive drugs. Due to relatively insufficient blood volume and changes in body position, blood pressure may not be able to be adjusted in a timely manner, leading to cerebral ischemia. The second is syncope caused by abnormal neural reflexes. Overventilation caused by emotional excitement, fear, tension, or intense pain, prolonged standing, urination, and other stimuli can lead to vasodilation or decreased heart rate, which may result in a sudden decrease in blood supply to the brain. The third is due to cardiogenic factors, such as arrhythmia, coronary heart disease, and other causes of syncope. The fourth is neurogenic factors, such as transient ischemic attacks or epilepsy, which are common causes of fainting. Sudden fainting requires medical examination. In daily life, to prevent fainting and falling, attention should be paid to two aspects. On the one hand, when getting up or squatting, stand up slowly. First, lie down for 30 seconds or sit for 30 seconds, and then slowly stand up. On the other hand, if you feel dizzy during daily activities, it is best to quickly hold onto a fixed object and sit or lie down to avoid falling and causing greater injury. Wan Zhi emphasized that after a fainting episode, some patients may experience complete relief. But we cannot ignore it just because we are awake and normal. If fainting occurs, one should seek medical attention from a cardiology or neurology department. If fainting occurs frequently in a short period of time, it is advisable to seek medical attention at the emergency department as soon as possible. When someone suddenly faints in a public place, whether cardiopulmonary resuscitation is necessary depends on whether the fainting is related to cardiac arrest. Wanzhi introduced that the golden time for emergency treatment is within 4 to 6 minutes after cardiac arrest, which can greatly improve the survival rate of patients. On the premise of ensuring the safety of the on-site environment, the correct approach for cardiopulmonary resuscitation is: the first step is to determine consciousness and breathing, which can be done by lightly tapping the patient's shoulders and calling out to them in both ears to determine if the patient has responded; Observe the patient's chest movements to confirm whether the patient is not breathing or only has near death wheezing. If there is no normal breathing and no response, then we determine that the patient has experienced cardiac arrest. The second step is to immediately call for help. People around you can dial 120 and search for an automatic external defibrillator, also known as an AED, nearby. At present, AEDs are installed in some public places, such as airports, train stations, sports venues, tourist attractions, etc., usually stored in lockers with "AED" signs. The method of using AED is also very simple. After turning on the power, follow the voice prompts of AED to operate. The third step is chest compressions. During rescue, you can kneel on the patient's side, place your hands on the midpoint of the line connecting the two nipples on the patient's chest, and continue to press hard until the professional arrives or the automatic external defibrillator is in place, that is, the AED is in place. The fourth step is that trained personnel can also perform artificial respiration. (New Society)