How did ancient people compare horses? What are the methods for riding horses? As the Year of the Horse approaches on the third day of the lunar calendar, the "Tsinghua University Collection of Warring States Bamboo Slips (Fifteen)" released new achievements on January 19th, showcasing an unprecedented collection of Ma political documents. The research team of the Research and Protection Center for Excavated Documents at Tsinghua University introduced that this compilation report includes five bamboo books: "Xu Ma", "The Illness of Ordinary Horses", "Training Horses", "Yu Shu", and "The Way of Controlling Horses". It is currently the earliest precious material in China specifically discussing the treatment, training, and control of horses. Professor Jia Lianxiang from the Research and Protection Center for Excavated Documents at Tsinghua University introduced that the "Xu Ma" chapter focuses on the art of horse painting, detailing the morphological characteristics of 12 types of horses and clarifying their identification criteria, which is of great value for studying ancient horse painting, animal husbandry history, and animal archaeology. The book "Diseases of Horses" systematically records various diseases and symptoms of horses, and is the earliest literature specifically discussing the treatment of horses. It is of great significance for the study of ancient Chinese veterinary history. The content of the "Horse Training" chapter is a summary of horse training experience, mainly recording changes in horse training methods and adjustments to different dietary arrangements. The brief text indicates that as early as the Warring States period, people had already noticed the close relationship between horse training and grazing, and attached great importance to ensuring the health of horses through reasonable training and animal husbandry, "said Shi Xiaoli, associate professor at the Research and Protection Center for Excavated Documents at Tsinghua University. The article "Yu Shu" is a systematic introduction to the techniques of riding horses and chariots. Before driving a horse, the motor should be set to the "six yi" state, with "stillness" as the main principle, emphasizing the movement of the horse's ears and other body movements, mastering the footwork system from "step" to "cheng", and using reins and commands reasonably... "As a practical skill, the lack of records in ancient Chinese literature on horse riding has been filled by" Yu Shu ", which has important literary value for studying ancient Chinese riding skills." Shi Xiaoli said that "Yu Shu" reflects the complex and superb riding skills of ancient people and also has certain reference value for modern equestrianism. The article "The Way of Riding Horses" mainly discusses the general principles of riding horses. Associate Professor Cheng Hao from the Research and Protection Center for Excavated Documents at Tsinghua University introduced that the ideological framework of the documents has many similarities with the Legalist school of thought during the Warring States period. The domestication of horses, the introduction of high-quality breeds, the accumulation of grazing experience, and the improvement of driving skills are directly related to the enhancement of ancient transportation and warfare capabilities. The records of pre Qin horse politics in handed down literature are relatively scarce. The five documents published in the 15th edition of the Tsinghua Bamboo Slips are currently the earliest systematic written materials on horse riding, horse healing, horse training, and horse control in the pre Qin period. They have important literary value for studying the horse politics of the Chu state during the Warring States period, as well as the history of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine in China. ”Huang Dekuan, Director of the Research and Protection Center for Excavated Documents at Tsinghua University, said. The second volume 5-8 of "Annotations on the Collection of Warring States Bamboo Slips from Tsinghua University" and "Research and English Translation 7 on the Collection of Warring States Bamboo Slips from Tsinghua University" were also released simultaneously. Tsinghua Bamboo Slips were admitted to Tsinghua University in Tibet in 2008, with a total of nearly 2500 pieces, mostly consisting of classics, history, and subcategories of literature, involving important content of excellent traditional Chinese culture. Huang Dekuan stated that the Tsinghua Simplified Compilation Report is expected to be released in 16 volumes, and the compilation work is nearing completion. He strives to publish the final compilation report to the society and academia as soon as possible. (New Society)