China's modernization needs to be supported by the modernization of science and technology. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20thPC Central Committee emphasized accelerating the goal of becoming a leading power in science and technology and guiding the development of new productive forces during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. present, the world is experiencing unprecedented changes, and a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is advancing in depth. Accelerating the achievement of a high level of self-iance and self-improvement in science and technology is a complex project involving multiple subjects, links, and levels. We must insist on using systematic thinking to coordinate the overall situation science and technology innovation, strengthen forward-looking thinking, overall planning, and overall promotion, grasp the general trend, face up to problems, and exert precise efforts to continuously improve the effectiveness of the national innovation system and find a Chinese path from a science and technology power to a science and technology strong power. 

Promote the systematic integration of the innovation system
Adhere to overall planning and build an and collaborative national innovation system. Systematic thinking emphasizes wholeness, which is to coordinate all elements and links from a global perspective to achieve the optimization of system functions. Technological is a complex ecosystem composed of multiple subjects, such as governments, enterprises, universities, research institutes, and financial institutions, that are interrelated and interact with each other. overall effectiveness of the system depends not only on the strength of individual subjects but also on the network structure and synergistic efficiency among subjects. At present, China has a large of scientific and technological resources and has built a relatively complete research facility system, but there are also problems such as poor connection in the innovation chain, decentralized resources, and duplicate construction, restrict the overall effectiveness. It is necessary to break the organizational barriers and disciplinary boundaries, promote the deep integration of the innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, and talent chain, build a unified, efficient, open, and collaborative national innovation system with benign interaction. It is necessary to optimize the layout of the national strategic scientific and technological forces, clarify the orientation of national laboratories, high-level research universities, and leading science and technology enterprises, and form a systematic pattern of gradient connection and complementary advantages, to promote the deep integration and interaction between each innovation subsystem and achieve a system gain effect that "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts".
Strengthen dynamic evolution and achieve " leaps" in innovation capability. The system is dynamically developing, and the competition of science and technology is essentially the competition of dynamic capability. Sustainable competitive advantages stem from the ability integrate internal and external resources to adapt to a rapidly changing environment. China has achieved parallel running or even leading in some frontier fields, but there are still some shortcomings in basic research and innovation capability. To this end, it is necessary to strengthen the source supply of basic research, improve the long-term stable support mechanism, unblock the channels for the transformation of and technological achievements, and establish and improve the evaluation system with actual contributions and innovative value as the core. Through the continuous interaction and reconstruction of various elements within the system, it is to stimulate the "emergence effect" of the innovation system, generate new system characteristics and functions, and achieve "quantum leaps" in innovation capability.
 an open architecture to form an innovation pattern with a stable kernel and an open periphery. The system is open and constantly exchanges matter, energy, and information with the external environment. the era of economic globalization, it is neither realistic nor feasible to close the door to innovation. It is necessary to deal with the dialectical relationship between independent innovation and open cooperation and build a collaborative innovation pattern with a stable kernel and an open periphery. For general competitive technologies and industrial common technologies, we should adhere to open innovation, actively integrate into the innovation network, and improve innovation efficiency with the help of international knowledge spillover. Through reasonable open sharing of major scientific and technological instruments, building joint laboratories, and other means, should attract top global talents and resources and enhance China's voice in international scientific and technological governance. In key core technology fields related to national security and development, we must insist on innovation, give full play to the advantages of the new national governance system, and focus on systematized research and development
Promote the organic integration of the innovation ecosystem.
We need to promote the transformation of the governance model "agile governance." The current development of technology shows characteristics of high uncertainty and rapid iteration, and the traditional, linear, and plan-oriented scientific research management model has adapting. This requires us to promote the transformation of the scientific research organization model and the way of technological governance towards "agile governance." Agile governance emphasizes adaptability, responsiveness and participation, requiring the establishment of a scientific research organization model that can quickly respond to technological changes and market demands; to promote the transformation of scientific research evaluation from a single "paperoriented" to a diversified "value-oriented," focusing more on actual contributions and innovative value; to innovate the way of resource allocation, guide more social capital to research and frontier fields. We need to establish and improve the innovation trial and error tolerance and correction mechanism, "support and encourage" those who dare to explore, and build a modern governance system that can stimulate internal vitality and effectively respond to uncertainties.
Achieve "joint operations" among innovative entities. Strengthen the principal position of enterprises in innovation, promote the gathering of innovative elements to enterprises, support leading enterprises to take the lead in establishing innovative alliances, and undertake major national scientific and technological tasks. Deepen the of universities and research institutes, give scientific research institutions and personnel greater autonomy, and establish a technological talent evaluation system oriented by innovation value, ability, and contribution. Break the and mechanism barriers that restrict the free flow of knowledge, technology, talent, and other innovative elements, promote deep integration of industry, education, research, and application, and form a interaction of the innovation ecosystem of "government, industry, education, research, finance, service, and use." Give full play to the organizational platform advantage and driving effect of leading enterprises, promote private enterprises to play an important role in major technological field breakthroughs, and form a coordinated mechanism of national technological forces with main and secondary, and functional links.
Promote the "system integration" of innovation policies. Since the new era, China's innovation and technology policies have focused on the allocation of talents, funds, projects, other elements, and have made a series of policy adjustments, achieving phased results. With the reform entering the deep water area, the deep-seated contradictions that restrict technological are increasingly revealed. Faced with new stages and new requirements, the development of science and technology in the "15th Five-Year Plan" period needs to be driven from primary stage of relying on "single breakthroughs" to the advanced stage of relying on "policy integration" innovation. We need to optimize the policy system with systematic thinking, build a system with the same goals, coordinated measures, and multi-fold efficiency; proactively plan the "integration and upgrade plan" for policy supply, use the overall design to solve theization of departmental games, and use the systematic and efficient system to eliminate the loss of level-by-level transmission, effectively activate the institutional efficiency of innovation and development
Realize continuous improvement in innovative performance
Strengthen basic research and lay a solid foundation for self-rel and self-improvement in science and technology. Basic research is the source of the entire scientific system and the master switch of all technical issues. To achieve a high level of-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology, it is necessary to strengthen the source supply of basic research, improve the long-term stable support mechanism, and social capital to invest in basic research and frontier fields. It is necessary to aim at the cutting edge of world science and technology, strengthen the support for basic disciplines such as mathematics, physics, and chemistry, and build a number of basic discipline research centers. Encourage basic research that meets the needs of national major strategic demands and industrial innovation and development, and connect innovation chain from basic research to technological development and then to industrial application. Through continuous and stable investment and a scientific and effective evaluation mechanism, stimulate the innovation vitality of scientific researchers and a number of original achievements with worldwide influence.
Breakthrough key core technologies and grasp the initiative of innovative development. General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized many times that "key core technologies are not something that can be obtained, bought, or begged." It is necessary to give play to the advantages of the new national governance system, focus on major strategic demands, and arrange a number of major science and technology projects and engineering projects with forward-looking and strategic nature, and achieve key breakthroughs in the frontier directions such as artificial, quantum information, life health, and energy materials. It is necessary to establish a dynamic list system for key core technologies, organize superior forces to carry out systematic research, and improve "name the winner" system for key core technology research and development. Regardless of seniority and without thresholds, let innovative entities with capabilities stand out. Through the breakthrough of key core, drive the optimization and upgrading of the industrial and supply chains, promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and enhance the national capability to ensure industrial security
Create an innovative culture and stimulate the vitality of innovation and creation in the whole society. Vigorously promote the spirit of scientists and craftsmen, strengthen the construction of research integrity and scientific and technological ethics. Improve the intellectual property protection system and the incentive mechanism for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Strengthen the popularization of science and, improve the scientific quality of the whole people, and promote the formation of a strong atmosphere of respecting knowledge, advocating innovation, respecting talents, loving science, and devoting to in the whole society, and provide a lasting cultural environment for the operation of the innovation system.