With the arrival of the peak season for ice and snow tourism, scenic spots such as Harbin Ice and Snow World have adopted a "crowd following" model, and many tourists have crossed the large temperature difference from the south to the "Ice City" in the north. Zhang Shuo, Deputy Director of the Department of Cardiology and Head of the Hypertension Center at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, reminds that winter is not only a high-risk period for respiratory diseases, but also a "deep water zone" for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Reminder 1: Sudden temperature differences can easily trigger emergencies. Many people are concerned about the severe cold itself, but in the eyes of clinical doctors, sudden changes in temperature differences are a major "culprit" that can trigger emergencies. The temperature difference from Guangzhou to Harbin can reach up to 50 degrees Celsius, and this drastic span has a huge impact on the contraction and relaxation of blood vessels. ”Zhang Shuo said that at the same time, the indoor heating of more than 20 degrees Celsius and the outdoor "repeated sawing" of more than minus 20 degrees Celsius are likely to cause angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and increase cerebrovascular accidents for people who have atherosclerosis or decreased vascular elasticity. Wearing a hat can reduce heat loss from the head, a mask can alleviate the irritation of cold air on the respiratory tract, and a scarf can protect the large blood vessels in the neck area. ”Cao Tianhui, Deputy Chief Physician of the Department of Cardiology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, suggests that hats, masks, and scarves must be fully worn during outdoor activities, and one should not be exposed to cold just for the sake of "beauty". Reminder 2: Moderate diet should not forget the joy of winter in Northeast China, which is often hidden in iron pot stewed geese and steaming hot pot. But for the population with high blood lipids, these delicacies may pose a crisis. I met a patient in the outpatient department who is very self disciplined, but still has high blood lipids. I only found out after asking that he eats hotpot once a month. ”Zhang Shuo said that a severe high-fat binge eating can have an impact on blood viscosity for up to 2 to 3 weeks in people with poor metabolic capacity. In addition, during the winter season, cats are accustomed to eating nuts such as melon seeds, peanuts, and walnuts, which are essentially fats and oils. Blood vessels already contract in cold environments, and if the blood becomes viscous due to high fat, the risk of blood clot formation will increase exponentially. Zhang Shuo suggests that when facing food, one should be moderate, reduce high salt and high oil intake, and strictly control smoking and drinking. Reminder 3: "Sports snacks" lead the new trend. In extremely cold weather, traditional morning or night runs have become less safe. Experts suggest avoiding the time when the temperature is lowest and blood pressure fluctuates the most in the morning and evening, and choosing to be active from 10am to 2pm when there is sufficient sunlight. Cao Tianhui said that if outdoor exercise is not possible, "fragmented exercise" (also known as "sports snacks") is a good choice. For example, every 40 to 60 minutes of sitting, get up and move for 3 to 10 minutes, such as standing still or jogging. Indoor activities such as squatting against the wall, stretching with elastic bands, or using eight section brocade can prevent lower limb venous thrombosis with low intensity. Zhang Shuo said that if work is busy from Monday to Friday, being a 'weekend warrior' is equally effective. Spending about 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise on weekends can improve blood pressure and blood lipids. Reminder 4: Don't mistake "no symptoms" for "no problem". One characteristic of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in winter is their "hidden nature". Hypertension often has no symptoms, and many people think they are normal, but when the temperature difference in the north stimulates them, blood pressure skyrockets and accidents happen. ”Zhang Shuo reminds that both local residents and tourists from other places, especially those with underlying diseases, should keep a blood pressure monitor on hand, strengthen monitoring, and take medication in a timely manner under the guidance of a doctor after entering winter. Harbin Ice and Snow World and other scenic spots remind that if you feel unwell or extremely cold while playing, you should immediately enter a "warm room" to warm up and transition. When entering indoors from outdoors, it is also recommended to pause briefly in the lobby to give the blood vessels a "buffer adaptation period". (New Society)