In 2025, China's technological innovation vitality will continue to burst forth, and the innovation map will continue to expand. From new explorations in basic research to breakthroughs in key technologies, from deep integration of industrial innovation to widespread implementation of beneficial results for the people, China has achieved frequent successes in multiple cutting-edge fields such as artificial intelligence, quantum information, life sciences, and clean energy. The "2025 Global Innovation Index Report" released by the World Intellectual Property Organization shows that China's innovation index has entered the top ten in the world for the first time, and the "Shenzhen Hong Kong Guangzhou" innovation cluster has jumped to the top of the world, with 24 clusters entering the top 100 global innovation clusters. These breakthrough developments not only inject strong momentum into China's high-quality development and improve people's quality of life, but also contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions to promote common human development to the world. By 2025, China's exploration in the field of basic science will continue to reach new heights, with multiple achievements breaking international records and filling gaps in the field. In the field of particle physics, the Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment (JUNO), located 700 meters underground in Jiangmen, Guangdong, officially began operation in August and released its first physical results in November. It accurately measured two key parameters of neutrino oscillation, with measurement accuracy improved by 1.5 to 1.8 times compared to the previous international best level. As the world's first next-generation ultra large scale and ultra high precision neutrino experimental device, JUNO provides critical support for unraveling major cosmological questions such as the origin of neutrino mass. In the field of materials science, the team of Zhang Guangyu from the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, relying on the original "Van der Waals extrusion technology for atomic manufacturing", successfully prepared five two-dimensional metals with single atomic layer thickness, such as bismuth and tin, for the first time in the world. This breakthrough fills a key gap in the field of two-dimensional materials for nearly 20 years, opening up a new path for the exploration of ultra-low power electronic devices and new quantum phenomena. It has been named one of the top ten scientific breakthroughs of 2025 by Physical World. A joint research team from Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area Quantum Science Center, and Tsinghua University has achieved high-temperature superconductivity of nickel oxide materials under atmospheric pressure. The superconducting transition temperature has exceeded 40 Kelvin (K), and the dual characteristics of "zero resistance" and "diamagnetism" have been observed, making nickel based materials the third type of high-temperature superconducting material system to break through the "McMillan limit" of 40K after copper based and iron-based materials. This provides a new breakthrough for understanding the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity. The vigorous development of basic research has given birth to fruitful academic achievements. According to data from the China Institute of Science and Technology Information, as of August 2025, the number of hot papers in China has reached 2342, accounting for 53.2% of the world's total and maintaining the first place in the world ranking; 76271 highly cited articles, accounting for 37.41% of the world's share, ranking second in the world; In the fields of materials science, engineering technology, chemistry, and other nine disciplines, international papers rank first in the world in terms of citation frequency. These data confirm the continuously increasing value of China in the field of global basic research, providing solid theoretical support for subsequent technological innovation. By 2025, China will continue to make breakthroughs in cutting-edge technologies such as quantum information, artificial intelligence, and aerospace, and many national treasures will amaze the world. In the field of quantum computing, the superconducting quantum computing prototype "Zuchong No.3" developed by a research team from the University of Science and Technology of China in collaboration with multiple domestic institutions has been officially released. It integrates 105 readable bits and 182 coupled bits, and can handle quantum random circuit sampling problems at a speed far exceeding that of the fastest supercomputer currently available. It has created the strongest record for the superiority of superconducting quantum computing and has been praised by the international academic community as "building the highest level of superconducting quantum computing at present". The field of artificial intelligence is also experiencing a shining moment. In January, DeepSeek-R1, an artificial intelligence model released by DeepQuest, achieved performance comparable to top global models with minimal computing resources, breaking the traditional research and development path of "piling up computing power and pooling funds". Its open-source strategy has sparked a global revolution in the AI field. In September, relevant research papers appeared on the cover of Nature, responding positively to industry doubts and promoting the transparent development of AI big models, becoming a Chinese sample of "AI serving people". As of the third quarter of 2025, the number of artificial intelligence enterprises in China has exceeded 5300, accounting for 15% globally, forming a complete industrial system covering basic infrastructure, model frameworks, and industry applications. "Artificial Intelligence+" has moved from demonstration applications to large-scale implementation. The embodied intelligent robot industry is accelerating its rise. From the Yushu H1 universal humanoid robot turning handkerchiefs at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala to the AI mini bipedal humanoid robot "Lu Xiaoming" dancing at the closing ceremony of the National Games, China's embodied intelligent robots have shone from dreams into reality and come to the public, becoming excellent examples of the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation. Zhiyuan Robot has achieved mass production and delivery of its 5000th universal embodied robot. The "embodied Tiangong Ultra" from Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center won the 100 meter race championship at the World Humanoid Robot Games, and European media praised it as "demonstrating China's cutting-edge strength in the field of humanoid robots". The pace of exploration in the aerospace field continues to accelerate. On May 29th, Tianwen-2 probe was successfully launched, launching China's first asteroid sampling return and comet companion exploration mission. It will sample and return the near Earth asteroid 2016HO3, and then explore the main belt comet 311P, filling the technical gap in China's small body exploration field and laying the foundation for subsequent Mars sampling return and Jupiter system exploration. The Shenzhou-22 spacecraft achieved full process "unmanned" operation during emergency launch missions, completing rapid docking with the space station assembly, demonstrating the high degree of autonomy and reliability of China's space launch and control technology. Technological breakthroughs have been achieved in the field of energy. The fully superconducting tokamak nuclear fusion experimental device (EAST), known as the "artificial sun", has successfully achieved steady-state long pulse high confinement mode plasma operation at 100 million degrees Celsius for 1066 seconds, once again breaking the world record and fully verifying the feasibility of steady-state operation of fusion reactors, taking an important step towards achieving controllable nuclear fusion energy for humanity. Significant progress has been made in 6G communication technology. A joint team from Peking University has developed the first optoelectronic fusion integrated adaptive full band high-speed communication chip. The fingernail sized chip can schedule full band resources from microwave to terahertz, with a data transmission rate of over 120Gbps, breaking the limitation of traditional electronic devices' "one frequency band, one set of equipment" and laying the hardware foundation for the practical application of 6G. By 2025, China will make technological breakthroughs in areas related to people's livelihoods such as life sciences, resource utilization, and transportation, continuously improving the quality of people's lives and providing strong support for sustainable social development. In the field of life and health, the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the team of Peking University systematically analyzed the biosynthetic pathway of the locust aggregation pheromone 4-vinyl anisole (4VA), developed specific small molecule inhibitors, achieved precise regulation of locust aggregation behavior, and promoted the transformation of pest control from relying on chemical pesticides to a green and precise model. The team from the Cancer Prevention and Treatment Center of Sun Yat sen University has established a new strategy of "increasing efficiency and reducing toxicity" for nasopharyngeal carcinoma immunotherapy, leading the development of the "International Guidelines and Atlas for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Radiotherapy Target Mapping" and promoting it globally. The team from Huazhong Agricultural University has discovered the "gene switch" for high temperature resistance in rice, which has been selected as one of the top ten scientific breakthroughs of 2025 by Science magazine. This provides an important technical solution for addressing global climate change and ensuring food security. In the fields of resources and ecology, major engineering and technological innovation are driven by two wheels. As of July 2025, the cumulative water transfer of the South to North Water Diversion Project has exceeded 80 billion cubic meters, directly benefiting 185 million people, covering 26 large and medium-sized cities and more than 200 counties (cities, districts) along the route, effectively alleviating the problem of overexploitation of groundwater in North China, promoting the full connectivity of water systems such as the Hutuo River and Yongding River, and providing a Chinese solution for global water resource allocation. Liaoning Province has discovered China's first thousand ton low-grade ultra large gold deposit, the Dadonggou Gold Mine. With breakthroughs in independent selection and metallurgy technology, it has achieved efficient development of low-grade mineral deposits, consolidated the national strategic reserve of gold resources, and enriched the theory of gold mineralization. The cumulative production of oil and gas equivalent in Bohai Oilfield will exceed 40 million tons by 2025, setting a new historical high and providing a solid guarantee for national energy security. In the field of transportation, China's high-speed rail technology once again leads the world. The CR450 high-speed train has successfully overcome key core technologies such as permanent magnet traction and vibration reduction and noise reduction. In the test of the Wuyi section of the Shanghai Chongqing Chengdu high-speed railway, it set a new record of 453 kilometers per hour for a single train and 896 kilometers per hour for a relative intersection. Its main indicators such as operating speed, energy consumption, and noise have reached the international leading level. Currently, multiple line tests and application assessments have been completed. These achievements have made people's travel more convenient and comfortable, and have also provided a Chinese benchmark for the development of global high-speed rail technology. Open cooperation contributes to the development of wisdom. China's innovation is not limited to local development, but adheres to open cooperation and contributes to global scientific and technological progress through its own breakthroughs. In 2025, led by China, global renewable energy will achieve rapid development, with solar and wind power generating new electricity covering the world's new electricity consumption in the first half of the year, surpassing fossil fuels in total. This achievement ranks first among the top ten scientific breakthroughs of the year in Science magazine, providing important support for global efforts to address climate change and achieve the "dual carbon" goal. In major scientific projects such as the Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment and the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), China actively opens up shared platform resources to attract top scientists from around the world to participate in research and jointly solve scientific problems faced by humanity. The global sharing of technological achievements demonstrates China's responsibility. The DeepSeek big model is open to the world in an open source model, widely integrated into various industries and countries, and once topped the download charts of mobile application stores in multiple countries. The New York Times reported that "everyone in Silicon Valley is paying attention to DeepSeek". China's high-speed rail technology, advanced water conservancy technology, and other technologies have gone global through international cooperation, providing reference solutions for global transportation upgrading and water resource allocation. In the fields of nasopharyngeal carcinoma treatment and locust control, China has taken the lead in formulating international guidelines, sharing technological achievements, and promoting the improvement of global public health and agricultural safety governance. Marco Aleman, Assistant Director General of the World Intellectual Property Organization, commented: "China's inclusion in the top ten of the Global Innovation Index demonstrates its outstanding position as a global innovation leader