The Suyukou porcelain kiln site is located in the Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, covering an area of 40000 square meters. It is the largest and most well preserved fine white porcelain kiln site discovered in the northwest region so far. After four consecutive years of archaeological excavations from 2021 to 2024, with an excavation area of 2400 square meters, complete workshop ruins including six kilns were revealed. Within the workshop area, remnants of roller shafts, porcelain clay processing pools, glaze jars, quartz processing relics, baking relics, stoves, and grinding stones were discovered. At the same time, porcelain clay, quartz, coal, lime, water and other raw materials and fuels for porcelain production were also discovered within a range of 0.3 kilometers around the kiln site, which is a kiln site with a closed-loop system for porcelain production. The "Guidelines for the Protection of Chinese Cultural Relics and Historic Sites" stipulate that the excavation area must be backfilled after the archaeological excavation work is completed. Considering that the current site does not have the conditions to build a kiln site museum for external display, in order to strengthen the "active" utilization of the Suyukou porcelain kiln site, the Suyukou porcelain kiln site archaeological team of Ningxia Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology has decided to adopt exhibition backfilling for the excavation area in 2021-2023. The so-called "display backfilling" refers to the marking of important relics and functional zones on the surface of the kiln site while implementing the backfilling of the kiln site. After removing the backfill soil and markers in the future, the original appearance of the kiln site can be restored, achieving on-site display. This not only facilitates future research and education activities, but also lays a solid foundation for the construction of heritage museums in the future. The exhibition backfilling work at the Suyukou porcelain kiln site strictly follows the international charter of cultural heritage protection and domestic laws and regulations, adheres to the concept of "great archaeology", highlights the protection principles of "no change to the original state of cultural relics, minimal intervention, identifiability, and reversibility", and carries out work such as "setting isolation layers", "strengthening the heritage body", "identifying important relics", "official backfilling of the site", "regional flood control management", "secondary protection of relics", "erecting exhibition boards and explanatory signs", and "environmental remediation and restoration". Firstly, clean up the surrounding environment of the site to ensure the cleanliness and safety of the work area. Lay felt or cow felt as a physical isolation layer between the backfill material and the ruins, and then reinforce and intervene on top of the isolation layer. Clearly distinguishing between the site itself and post intervention highlights the "identifiability" and "reversibility" of heritage protection; Secondly, clarify the components of the kiln site, and reinforce the external walls of the kiln and the walls of the building site from bottom to top using box blocks, stones, and other materials outside the isolation layer according to the original shape and structure of the site; Thirdly, in addition to the four kilns and their wind collecting walls, important relics such as porcelain clay processing pools, mud training relics, and quartz raw material processing relics are covered and isolated with felt. Following the original outline of the relics, they are reinforced with boxes and bowls to slightly above the surface. Different types of Helan Mountain green plants are still planted on the backfilled surface of the important relic area to distinguish them, and explanatory signs are set up to ensure that "underground relics can be seen on the surface". It is worth mentioning that in terms of backfill material selection, excavation area fill soil, stones, and pots are used. During the archaeological excavation process from 2021 to 2023, the backfill soil in the excavation area was classified and stacked - the 0.15 meter thick topsoil in the excavation area was separately stacked due to the presence of a large number of plant roots and seeds in the area, and the sand, rocks, stones, and pots below were separately stacked. Rocks are used to build protective profiles and reinforce kiln walls, while boxes and bowls are used to mark important relics; Sand is the main soil material for backfilling. After backfilling the sand to a reasonable height, the topsoil layer is covered, and after watering, the original green plants in the Helan Mountain area grow. This not only achieves the authenticity of archaeological heritage "materials and textures", but also unifies cultural relic protection and environmental restoration. Considering that the interior of Helan Mountain has a microclimate with frequent winds and heavy rain, and is often accompanied by the presence of wild animals such as rock sheep and deer, it is highly likely to cause damage to the reinforcement and markers; At the same time, considering that the four kilns to be cleaned in 2021-2023 have stable physical structures and are less affected by heat and cold, a light steel greenhouse was built on top of the kilns, and cow felt and a layer of gray sand were also laid on the roof to prevent damage from strong winds to the ceiling and coordinate it with the surrounding environment. In addition, important relics and walls reinforced and marked with boxes and bowls are covered with protective nets that are not easily corroded or rusted, ensuring the safety and stability of the relics to the greatest extent possible. After recording, drawing, and taking photos of the grinding stones scattered around the excavation area and along the ditch for processing vein quartz, we collected the larger grinding stones that were not easy to transport indoors around the kiln site and covered them with stainless steel frame protective nets for protection and on-site display. In the backfill area, eight vertical display boards can be seen, clearly showing the functional zones and backfill status of the kiln site excavated over the years. By comparing the photos before and after backfilling with brief textual explanations, viewers can gain a deeper understanding of the kiln site area after backfilling. In addition, explanatory boards are also set up on the protection network of kilns, porcelain clay processing pools, mud refining relics, and drying relics, as well as key columns and grinding stones. The content of the explanatory boards includes photos, line diagrams, and brief textual descriptions of the relics. At the same time, in order to initially realize the display and visiting functions of the Suyukou porcelain kiln site, stone slabs and crushed stones collected from Helan Mountain were used to lay several stone paved paths, organically connecting multiple relic nodes. This not only effectively guides the flow of visitors and avoids trampling and damaging the newly transplanted green plants in the backfill area of the site, but also establishes a clear and reasonable exhibition line, which helps visitors to visit and understand the site pattern in order, and improves the visiting experience and protection management level. The protection of historical sites includes the protection of a certain scale of environment. After backfilling, the excavation area of the site is covered with surface soil containing a large number of plant roots and seeds, so that the backfill area can grow out of the original green plants in the Helan Mountain area. In addition, green plants such as Achnatherum splendens, Baimao grass, and Elymus chinensis from the 2024 excavation area will also be transplanted to the backfill area, and the surrounding environment will be cleaned up to restore the natural vegetation of the backfill area as much as possible. The material and color of the light steel greenhouse and protective net should also be considered as suitable as possible for the surrounding environment and scenery. The Suyukou Xixia porcelain kiln site has been selected as a "2022 Chinese Archaeological New Discovery", and its archaeological achievements go beyond the scope of simple technical history research, and are historical evidence of the formation of the Chinese national community. This exhibition backfilling work, while fully considering the importance and uniqueness of the site, highlights the protection and exhibition of archaeological heritage. It is a positive attempt to showcase and utilize archaeological sites under the concept of "big archaeology". (New Society)