How to implement the concept of health first education, effectively promote students' physical fitness, and achieve comprehensive development? Recently, five departments including the Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and the General Administration of Sport jointly issued the "Opinions on Implementing the Student Physical Fitness Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), making specific arrangements for this work. The Opinion proposes that by 2027, with a focus on compulsory education, the requirement for primary and secondary school students to engage in comprehensive physical activities for no less than 2 hours per day will be fully and effectively implemented, resulting in a significant increase in the pass rate and excellent rate of students' physical health, as well as the rate of cultivating exercise habits among graduates. Therefore, the Opinion proposes 20 measures covering eight aspects. Firstly, deepen the reform of physical education teaching. From the perspective of ensuring sports time, the "Opinions" clearly state that in the basic education stage, the focus is on coordinating the implementation of the "2-hour" requirement both inside and outside of class, and actively promoting the implementation of the "2-hour" requirement both inside and outside of school. Measures such as increasing class hours, conducting inter class sports activities, and enriching sports after-school services will be taken to strengthen the guarantee of sports time. In the higher education stage, the implementation of sports courses and the frequency of exercise requirements will be strengthened. On this basis, the "Opinions" require improving the quality of teaching, promoting integrated teaching reform, and starting from curriculum design, implementation forms, content, and load, so that students can enjoy sports, master skills, and form habits. In terms of improving the training competition and talent cultivation system, the "Opinions" require schools to scientifically design group sports activities, sports competitions, and talent cultivation systems. Group activities emphasize targeting everyone, forming a new development pattern where everyone has projects, classes have activities, schools have their own characteristics, and there are competitions every week. The competition system focuses on traction and driving, building a clear positioning, clear hierarchy, orderly connection, high-quality and efficient competition system. Talent cultivation focuses on smooth and standardized channels, and encourages each stage to further smooth the mechanism and growth path of sports talent cultivation within the existing enrollment policy scope. In terms of strengthening the backbone of sports, the "Opinions" point out that it is necessary to coordinate the requirements of central policies and the practical needs of school sports development, propose the construction of national demonstration schools (sports and health), explore the paired development model of sports schools and primary and secondary schools, build new high-level sports teams in universities, and further integrate resources to strengthen the construction of school sports backbone. In terms of improving sports monitoring and evaluation, the "Opinions" require deepening the reform of school sports evaluation, taking physical fitness improvement, skill enhancement, sports participation, and habit formation as important evaluation indicators, downplaying the selection of exams, strengthening positive incentives, and enhancing process evaluation, and guiding localities to further clarify work orientation. Improve the physical health monitoring system, establish a monitoring system that mutually supervises results and highlights process evaluation, establish a "monitoring intervention" linkage mechanism, and strengthen the application of results. Especially for the physical health issues of college students, it is required that each university implement a "one school, one policy" special action to improve the physical fitness of college students. Currently, the problem of insufficient physical education teachers still exists. The Opinion proposes to strengthen the construction of the teaching staff, explore the construction of a new type of physical education teaching staff with full-time physical education teachers as the main body, physical education coaches as auxiliary, part-time physical education teachers (coaches) and social forces as supplements. In response to the limited conditions for sports activities in various regions, the Opinion requires strengthening the guarantee of conditions. In response to the problem of insufficient space in school sports venues, we encourage the creation of small-scale sports exercise scenes, create "micro sports fields" on campus, and strengthen the sharing of social resources. We must closely follow the trends of technological development and educational governance, and innovatively propose a series of measures to implement digital empowerment in school physical education. Fully leverage the efforts of the government, society, and schools, and further strengthen the safety management of school sports activities and the prevention and control of sports injury risks through improving work mechanisms and strengthening management guarantees. (New Society)