The National Center for Disease Control and Prevention held a press conference yesterday (10th) to introduce the prevention and control of acute respiratory infectious diseases in autumn and winter. According to experts, currently, the whole country has entered the flu season, and the level of flu activity has significantly increased, showing an overall trend of higher levels in the south than in the north. Wang Dayan, a researcher at the Institute of Virology at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention: Currently, the overall trend of acute respiratory infectious disease outbreaks is on the rise, with influenza virus, rhinovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus being the main pathogens of acute respiratory infectious diseases. At present, the detected pathogens are all known common pathogens, and no unknown pathogens or newly emerging infectious diseases caused by them have been found. Winter and spring are the peak seasons for acute respiratory infectious diseases, and the public should maintain good hygiene habits such as wearing masks scientifically, washing hands frequently, and keeping the air ventilated. In addition, vaccination is the most effective and economical means of preventing infectious diseases, and eligible individuals who have not received influenza vaccines should receive them as early as possible. Currently, 23 provinces in China are at a moderate level of influenza prevalence, while others are at a low level of prevalence. The peak period of influenza in China this autumn and winter is expected to occur in mid to late December and early January. High incidence of cardiovascular diseases in winter: In addition to respiratory diseases, winter is also a high-risk season for cardiovascular diseases. Experts remind patients with cardiovascular disease to strengthen blood pressure monitoring and adjust medication in a timely manner. In the cold winter, blood viscosity increases, blood vessels contract, blood pressure rises, and cardiovascular disease is induced. People with hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia should pay special attention to keeping warm in winter. Wang Fang, Director of the Cardiovascular Exercise Medicine Center at Beijing Hospital: During seasonal changes, blood pressure is particularly prone to rise, and blood vessels are particularly prone to spasm, causing acute myocardial infarction and angina. In this situation, the first thing we need to pay attention to is monitoring blood pressure and adjusting medication at the hospital in a timely manner. Attention! Besides seasonal factors, what other factors are related to the occurrence of cardiovascular disease? Extreme anger can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. Extreme anger can cause a surge in heart rate and blood pressure. Clinical studies have shown that a violent and explosive anger can increase the risk of heart attack by five times and the risk of stroke by three times within two hours after the attack. Sleeping too little or too much may indirectly damage the cardiovascular system. Long term sleep deprivation of less than 6 hours or sleep exceeding 9 hours is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Lack of sleep can disrupt the endocrine and nervous systems; Excessive sleep may be associated with underlying depression and sleep apnea. These will indirectly damage the cardiovascular system. Wang Fang, Director of the Cardiovascular Exercise Medicine Center at Beijing Hospital: Ensure adequate sleep while maintaining a positive mindset to avoid high blood pressure and excessive vasoconstriction. Retaliative exercise can increase the risk of acute myocardial infarction. Sitting for long periods of time and only engaging in vigorous exercise on weekends can increase the risk of acute myocardial infarction. Engaging in moderate intensity aerobic exercise (such as brisk walking, jogging, swimming) for at least 30 minutes 3 to 5 times a week is much safer and more effective than engaging in "revenge" exercise at once. Yang Jingang, Director of the Health Education Center at Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences: To promote aerobic exercise, one should generally feel a little strenuous, gradually increase the intensity according to their body's ability, and then improve their ability to withstand pressure, which can have the effect of preventing and treating diseases. Experts remind that elderly people who engage in vigorous exercise from 6 to 10 am are prone to myocardial infarction. During this time, their blood pressure can be 10 to 20 millimeters of mercury higher than usual. If they engage in vigorous exercise such as running fast, it can easily lead to myocardial infarction. It is recommended that elderly people exercise one hour after breakfast. (New Society)