Food is the first necessity of the people. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Central Committee, with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, has always regarded solving the problem of feeding the more than 1.4 billion people as the top priority of governance In 2015, the Central Rural Work Conference proposed to “establish a broad concept of agriculture and food.” In 2016, the No.1 Central Document emphasized “establishing a broad view of food,” and included it as an important content to optimize the production structure of agriculture and its regional layout. The report the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized “establishing a broad view of food, developing facility agriculture, and building a diversified food supply system” The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China deliberated and adopted the “Suggestions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party China on the Formulation of the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development,” which proposed to adhere to the simultaneous development of agriculture, forestry animal husbandry, and fishery, develop modern facility agriculture, and build a diversified food supply system. Establishing and practicing the broad view of food and building a divers food supply system are the inevitable requirements to better meet the people’s needs for a better life, which is conducive to accelerating the construction of an agricultural power and is great significance for promoting Chinese-style modernization.

As China’s economy develops, the people’s demand for nutrition is becoming increasingly diversified, comprehensive, and balanced The dietary structure of urban and rural residents has been upgraded, and the demand for food is gradually transitioning from “being able to eat” to “eating well” and “eatingily.” Nutrition, health, and green and pollution-free food have become issues of priority concern for many consumers, and more and more people are paying attention to the production process processing methods, and storage conditions of food. Data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs show that since the “14th Five-Year Plan,” over 36000 green, organic, famous, special, high-quality, new, and geographical indication agricultural products have been newly certified, covering categories such as grain, oil, meat eggs, milk, fruits, vegetables, tea, aquatic products, etc. These products provide a total physical volume of green high-quality agricultural products to the society of over 00 million tons per year. In 2024, the sales of green food reached 609.78 billion yuan, driving the production of agricultural to steadily advance in the direction of standardization, greening, and superiorization.

In recent years, China's grain production has been abundant year by year, the “rice bag” is gettinger, and the “vegetable basket” is getting richer. However, from the perspective of supply and demand, the overall balance between grain supply and demand is still in tight equilibrium. On the one hand, there are structural imbalances between grain supply and demand. The overall level of grain consumption per capita in China is generally stable, but with rapid improvement of living standards, the demand for high-quality grain is increasing, the consumption of staple food is gradually declining, and the consumption of meat, eggs, milk, fruits vegetables, tea, and aquatic products is continuously increasing. The increase in the consumption of animal-based food has led to an increase in the demand for feed grain, but there still gaps in the production and demand of corn and soybeans, and the self-sufficiency rate of soybean oil is low. On the other hand, the problem of regional in grain supply and demand still exists. The grain output of the 13 main grain-producing areas has remained at about 78% of the national total for many, but the self-sufficiency rate of grain in the main grain-consuming areas and the areas where grain production and consumption are balanced has been declining. From the perspective of resourceowments, China has a large total amount of agricultural production resources, but the per capita share is low, and the constraints of resources are significant. According to the results of the national land survey, at the end of 2019, China's arable land area was 1.918 billion mu, with an ara land area of 1.36 mu per capita, which is less than 40% of the world average. Arable land is divided into 10 quality levels and the current average level is 4.76, with 22% of the land at a low level, and the overall quality level of arable land is low. With the rapid advancement of industrialization and urbanization, illegal occupations of arable land occur from time to time in some places, and practical problems such as “-agricultural use of arable land” and “non-grain use of arable land” are still prominent.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed that “to solve the problem of food, we cannot just stare at the limited arable land, we need to open up our thinking and establish a big food concept.” big food concept reflects the progress and innovation in the concept from “grain” to “food”, emphasizing the transformation of food supply from single production to diversified supply, ensuring supply while also obtaining food from forests, grasslands, rivers, lakes, and seas, obtaining food from facility agriculture, and obtaining calories and protein from plants, animals, and microisms, expanding the direct and indirect sources of food, and achieving a balance between the supply and demand of various foods. The big food concept requires full development of various functions of agriculture extending the food industry chain, upgrading the value chain, creating the supply chain, and building a diversified food supply system that coordinates grain, economy, and feed, combines agriculture,ry, animal husbandry, and fishery, and focuses on plants, animals, and microorganisms. Deeply practicing the big food concept and developing diversified food supply channels an important measure to effectively alleviate resource and environmental pressures and better meet the needs of residents for food consumption upgrading, and can focus on the following aspects
First, develop food resources through multiple approaches. Optimize the planting structure of arable land, improve the efficiency land use, strengthen the construction of high-quality farmland, and promote the increase in the yield per unit area of major crops such as grain and oil, to consolidate the of grain and important agricultural product supply. Actively tap into the potential of agricultural production, promote the overall development of grain, economy, and feed production, and give priority to the of forage industry, deep-sea aquaculture, economic forests, and forestry economy, and promote the construction of the full industrial chain of agriculture to diversify the sources food.
Second, promote scientific and technological innovation to improve the quality and benefits of food development. Strengthen original research, research and develop new food resources and digital monitoring, accelerate the application of cutting-edge technologies such as synthetic biology and microbiome, and integrate science and technology with the development of the food industry. For example, develop new protein and functional foods through synthetic biology technology, and use microbial biomass protein to replace soybean meal and other feed ingredients. Implement the seed industry revitalization action in depth, and an innovative system for the seed industry that is compatible with food development. Promote the development of facility agriculture and smart agriculture, and improve the yield per unit area through automatic irrigation, fertilization and other technologies, and at the same time, combined with the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence and other technologies, build a smart agricultural system, use the of Things sensors to monitor the farmland environment, and provide scientific basis for agricultural production decision-making through big data analysis. Strengthen scientific and technological innovation and the application food processing and circulation, and build a full industrial chain from farm to table to reduce loss.
Third, strengthen cooperation and exchanges with other countries in the field of agriculture Actively participate in the global governance of food security, promote the implementation of cooperation projects such as agricultural technology assistance and food assistance, and jointly respond to global food security challenges with all. Promote diversification of import channels, optimize the layout of global supply chains, deepen agricultural product trade cooperation through the construction of overseas agricultural cooperation demonstration zones, and improve the of imports. Strengthen exchanges in agricultural science and technology achievements, management experience and other aspects, and promote the innovation and application of agricultural technology. Further deepen agricultural foreign, encourage and support enterprises to invest in agricultural projects overseas, cultivate multinational agricultural enterprise groups with global competitiveness, and enhance China's initiative in the global agricultural resource allocation