The significant judgment made by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China during the "15th Five Year Plan" period that "China's development is in a period of strategic opportunities, risks and challenges, and an increasing number of uncertain and unpredictable factors" is a clear understanding and accurate assessment of the characteristics of the times. It is not only a clear warning to face risks, but also a call to action to seize opportunities, establishing a realistic coordinate for us to anchor our course and win the initiative in uncertainty. The plenary session on grasping the direction of evolution in the structural division of world history proposed that 'China's development environment is facing profound and complex changes'. This' change 'is no longer the cyclical fluctuations and localized oscillations of the past. It is a structural division that touches on the foundation of world politics and economy and has epoch-making significance. Specifically, it manifests as a deep restructuring of the global power structure, technological revolution reshaping production paradigms, and intensified geopolitical conflicts leading to fragmented rules; The disintegration of the Western dominated unipolar order and the accelerated evolution of multipolarity have put pressure on the global governance system to become ineffective, dysfunctional, and restructured. Disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence and quantum computing have broken through boundaries, giving rise to new quality productivity, but also bringing governance deficits and security challenges. Only by thoroughly understanding the essence of this' change 'can one have a clear vision and calmly strategize. Firstly, this change lies in the reconstruction of the underlying logic of globalization. The globalization paradigm dominated by capital and guided by efficiency in the past few decades has accumulated significant contradictions such as development gaps, social divisions, and governance deficits. The global pandemic and geopolitical conflicts, like catalysts, have completely triggered these hidden crises. As a result, non economic factors such as security, resilience, and identity are increasingly returning to the core of international relations, with their weight in many areas even surpassing traditional economic efficiency considerations. The so-called "friendly shore outsourcing" and the constantly emerging technological barriers are the clear footnotes of this new logic of "safety first over efficiency". This indicates an external environment full of friction and uncertainty, which poses a significant test to China's strategic wisdom in coordinating development and security. Secondly, this change lies in the fundamental shift of the global power structure. The material foundation and moral halo that sustain the unipolar world order centered on the West are simultaneously heading towards irreversible decline. At the same time, emerging powers such as China are rising collectively, and the global South is emerging as a political entity, taking center stage in world history. The pendulum of world history swings clearly from both sides of the Atlantic to the vast continents of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. This emerging force does not seek subversion, but aims for change; Do not create division, but promote unity and cooperation. This is our biggest strategic opportunity. Walking in the same direction as this historical tide and standing with the vast majority of people in the world, we have the most solid and profound strategic support. Thirdly, this change lies in the paradigm breakthrough of a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation. The new technology cluster represented by artificial intelligence, quantum information, and life sciences is more disruptive than ever before. It has the potential to rewrite the formula for economic growth, redefine a country's core competitiveness, and even the future vision of human civilization. Whoever can first achieve source innovation in basic science, form a leading advantage in industrial ecology, and complete the first landing in application scenarios, will be in charge of the next round of global competition. This is the iron law of the times that 'if you don't advance, you will fall behind; if you advance slowly, you will also fall behind'. It is also a historic window for us to leverage our institutional advantages, activate market potential, and achieve 'overtaking by changing lanes'. Therefore, the strategic judgment made by the plenary session that "strategic opportunities and risks coexist" is not a compromise, but a precise grasp of the pulse of the times and a profound insight into historical dialectics. Danger and opportunity are always two sides of the same coin, mutually conditional. Risk challenges are the stubborn obstacles of the old order to historical trends, while strategic opportunities are the inevitable rise of new forces in historical inevitability. Our mission is to see "opportunities" in "danger", seek "progress" in "change", and firmly sail towards the magnificent shore of national rejuvenation in the stormy waves. Maintaining strategic determination in the deep logic of great power competition and competition has become the trend, and the game has become the eye of chess. The core of this' game 'is the strategic game between major powers. But if it is simply understood as a geopolitical power game, it would be shallow. The deep logic of this game is a historic dialogue and competition between different development philosophies, modernization models, and world order views. On the one hand, the defenders intend to solidify their hegemonic logic by building exclusive technological barriers, implementing discriminatory trade rules, and exaggerating sharp ideological opposition, striving to lock us in the middle and low ends of the global value chain and block our historical progress towards higher levels. Its core is zero sum game; Its purpose is to maintain its central position; The means is comprehensive strategic containment. The plenary session reiterated the slogan of "daring to fight and being good at fighting", which sounded the call to confront this harsh reality. On the other hand, we must have a deeper understanding that the ultimate winner of this game lies not in external attacks and defenses, but in the internal foundation. The plenary session emphasized at great length that "concentrating our efforts to do our own things well" is the fundamental strategic wisdom that our party has tempered through a hundred years of wind and rain, and it is the "calm sea needle" to deal with all winds, waves, and even rough seas. It reveals a simple and unshakable truth: our own strength and prosperity are the most powerful and thorough response to all external challenges and containment. Winning the highest level of historical proactive strategy in the new narrative of human civilization is actively shaping the situation. The true meaning of the "historical initiative spirit" emphasized in the plenary session is not only the tactical level of "recognizing changes and adapting to changes", but also the strategic level of charting a new path for the future of human civilization. The world historical significance of Chinese path to modernization, with irrefutable vigorous practice, completely ended the only myth that "modernization is westernization". Firstly, to break down the barriers of capital logic through high-quality development. The Western modernization model is rooted in the impulse of unlimited capital expansion, ultimately leading to a profound ecological crisis and social divide. The high-quality development we pursue is a new paradigm centered on the people and centered on the five development concepts, which requires safeguarding green mountains and rivers in development and achieving harmonious coexistence between humans and nature; Pursuing common prosperity and bridging the imbalances and deficiencies in development. It is the abandonment and transcendence of the logic of capital, pointing towards a more sustainable and inclusive new form of human civilization. Secondly, reshape the pattern of global cooperation through high-level openness. Our answer to the turbulent undercurrents of anti globalization is not to retreat to isolated islands with high barriers, but to open up at a higher level and create a new path of cooperation and win-win outcomes. The proposals put forward at the plenary session, such as "steadily expanding institutional openness" and "expanding international circulation", are a "first move" for us to actively shape a favorable external environment, marking our transformation from passive recipients of international rules to active shapers of global high standard economic and trade rules. The deep integration of 'you in me, I in you' will ultimately turn any attempt to forcibly 'decouple' into a pipe dream. Thirdly, to transcend the fog of group confrontation as a community with a shared future for mankind. In response to the deficit in global governance, China has always held high the banner of a community with a shared future for mankind and promoted global governance towards a new direction of fairness and rationality. From high-quality co construction of the "the Belt and Road" to the historic expansion of the BRICS mechanism; From actively participating in global climate governance to establishing rules for new territories such as the internet and deep sea, China has demonstrated its responsibility as a major country by taking solid actions to fulfill its commitment to "consultation, co construction, and sharing". China's development philosophy continues to gain global recognition and accumulate strong momentum towards the future. (Xinhua News Agency) Author: David Lai (Professor at the Institute of Chinese Studies, Fudan University)