The 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit will be held in Tianjin from August 31st to September 1st. After 24 years of establishment, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has grown into the most comprehensive regional cooperation organization with the widest coverage and largest population in the world. In the increasingly complex global situation, how can the Shanghai Cooperation Organization maintain its development momentum, and what are the highlights of future cooperation? This has become a hot topic among international experts and scholars. The themed flower bed outside the venue of the "2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit". The fruitful achievements of economic and trade cooperation have been continuously upgraded through interconnectivity. Economic and trade cooperation has always been one of the cornerstones of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. International scholars generally believe that in the context of the rise of global trade protectionism, economic and trade exchanges within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization have become increasingly important. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization truly cares about the development of all countries. ”Hamza Rifat, Chairman of Initiate Futures, a think tank, stated in an interview with China News Service that the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) emphasizes openness and cooperation, continuously improves trade facilitation, and hopes to use Eurasian connectivity to build a better and more prosperous world. Rifat gave an example that a series of interconnectivity projects such as the China Pakistan Economic Corridor have not only brought Pakistan closer to China, but also connected the Central Asian region more closely, which is conducive to fully mobilizing regional resources. Expert from the University of Finance and Economics of the Russian Federation, Denisov, told China News Service that in the past three to four years, the trade volume and import and export of key commodities between Russia and the vast majority of its partners in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization have increased. The good cooperative relationship is being transformed into actual economic value, becoming strong evidence of the efficient operation of this organization. Vasily Kashin, Director of the Center for European and International Studies at the Russian Higher University of Economics, also pointed out that the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is committed to promoting economic and infrastructure cooperation on the basis of mutual trust. For Russia, bilateral projects with China such as the "East Siberia Pacific" oil pipeline and the "Siberian Power" natural gas pipeline are particularly important. Data shows that in the past five years, the trade volume between China and other members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has successively exceeded the 300 billion, 400 billion, and 500 billion US dollars thresholds. Interconnection projects such as railways, highways, and pipelines inject momentum into regional cooperation. Kashen stated that China has the world's largest industrial system and is also a major market for various raw materials and semi-finished products. By strengthening cooperation with developing countries, China can further leverage its own advantages, promote the integration of industrial and supply chains, and fully unleash the cooperation potential of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. On July 4th, the China Europe freight train, loaded with daily necessities, ceramic products, and other goods, sailed from Xi'an to Almaty. According to international scholars, the development momentum and vigorous vitality of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization cannot be separated from the "Shanghai Spirit" with "mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and pursuit of common development" as its core content. Hamza Rifat emphasized that the "Shanghai Spirit" provides a completely different cooperation model for emerging economies from the Western model. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization focuses on regional connectivity and aims to achieve economic prosperity through non political means. He believes that regardless of the size of the economy, all member states are equal partners in the SCO platform, which is conducive to stimulating the development potential of each country and fully leveraging the synergies of the organization. Kashen believes that all decisions of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization are based on consensus among member states, which means that even the smallest country can have a significant impact on decision-making. Although this increases the complexity of diplomatic work to some extent, it also creates a unique atmosphere of trust. The 'Shanghai Spirit' is not only reflected in its ideology, but also fully implemented in the specific actions of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The 'Shanghai Spirit' is being transformed into economic cooperation, pilot initiatives, trade partnerships, and continuously improving connectivity levels. ”Azerbaijani Presidential Assistant Hikmat Hajiyev said that through the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the two countries can carry out broader economic and trade cooperation, and cultural exchanges, humanitarian cooperation, and tourism exchanges have become increasingly frequent. In practice, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization first seeks contact rather than confrontation, focuses on cooperation rather than pressure, and has formed a more dynamic and lasting cooperative relationship in mutual benefit and win-win situations. ”Denisov stated that the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is not only an important platform for global solidarity and cooperation in the South, but also increasingly attractive to many European countries. Kashen further pointed out that the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, like the BRICS countries, is one of the main platforms for promoting world diversity and multipolarity. The member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization coordinate and actively promote the reform of the global economic governance system, enhance the representation of developing countries, and jointly safeguard interests in important global governance issues such as the climate agenda. At the Tianjin Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, international scholars believe that cooperation between technology and green will become an important topic for future development. From large-scale new energy projects undertaken by Chinese enterprises, to bilateral and multilateral technical exchanges and docking activities, to a multilingual information sharing platform that gathers environmental regulations and policy standards from various countries, practical cooperation within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization continues. Hamza Rifat stated that climate change has caused serious impacts on Pakistan, such as glacier melting and river flooding, making green transformation of great significance. Under the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, China Pakistan cooperation is very close. Relying on the China Pakistan Economic Corridor, Pakistan has established a cross-border carbon trading platform. China's leading photovoltaic enterprises have created over 200000 green jobs in Pakistan and accelerated the development of the local new energy equipment manufacturing industry chain. Denisov stated that some member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization are already leading in innovative fields such as artificial intelligence, and China's performance in related research and development achievements and technological capabilities is particularly outstanding. He believes that issues such as artificial intelligence and cybersecurity are related to the future. The enormous potential contained in these emerging technological tools will further promote regional economic development. Kashen also pointed out that the Shanghai Cooperation Organization can play an important role in formulating international laws and regulations necessary for the development of e-commerce, artificial intelligence, and the coordination of climate strategies among member states. This is a huge undertaking, but through coordination in these areas, SCO member states will be able to play a crucial role in shaping the future of the global economy. ”Kashen said. (New Society)