In recent days, many parts of the country have suffered from rainstorm, and some areas have seen waterlogging and even flooding on roads. The damp environment combined with floating garbage can easily form a "breeding ground" for pathogens, posing a hidden danger to people's health. For this reason, experts remind the public to focus on the "three preventions": first, preventing intestinal diseases caused by "disease entering through the mouth", second, preventing skin infections caused by contact with sewage, and third, preventing insect borne infectious diseases caused by mosquito bites. Strictly prevent diseases from entering through the mouth and prevent intestinal diseases. After the occurrence of floods, not only will floods inundate and damage drinking water facilities and sources, but they will also affect food safety. Xu Jinghang, Deputy Director and Chief Physician of the Infectious Diseases Department at Peking University First Hospital, told reporters that there are various pathogens that can be transmitted through fecal matter in floods, and the water itself may carry feces, animal carcasses, etc., which can easily breed a large number of pathogens, leading to contamination of food and drinking water in some flooded areas and triggering the spread of intestinal infectious diseases. The more common diseases include bacterial dysentery, enterovirus infection, etc. The symptoms of patients mainly include fever, diarrhea, nausea, etc. Xu Jinghang put forward the following four suggestions on how to avoid intestinal infectious diseases after floods. One is to wash hands frequently and maintain hand hygiene. Try to avoid sharing towels with others as much as possible and regularly disinfect towels. Secondly, attention should be paid to drinking water safety. It is recommended to drink purified water, bottled water, or boiled water before drinking, and avoid drinking raw water. Thirdly, try to consume meals that have been processed by heat as much as possible. Do not consume livestock or poultry that have died or drowned. Fourthly, once symptoms such as fever and nausea appear, seek medical attention as soon as possible to prevent further development of intestinal infectious diseases. Watch out for sewage contact to prevent skin infection. After rainstorm, a large amount of domestic garbage floats on the surface of the ponding area. Under the catalysis of high temperature and high humidity environment, these pollutants accelerate the growth and reproduction of pathogens. If the human body is exposed to this contaminated stagnant water for a long time, it is highly likely to cause various skin diseases such as dermatitis and tinea pedis. In addition, Xu Jinghang emphasized that there may be rusty nails, glass fragments and other sharp objects in the silt carried by the flood. If scratched by such debris and not dealt with in a timely manner, pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and tetanus bacilli may invade deep into the wound, causing tissue inflammation and infection. Xu Jinghang said that if wading is necessary due to special circumstances after a rainstorm, it is necessary to avoid direct contact of the skin with dirty rainwater and ponding, and do a good job of scientific protection. Wear raincoats and rainshoes to avoid hands and feet being immersed in water for a long time, and try to keep the skin dry and clean. Immediately wash and disinfect the skin after returning home. If small wounds are found, iodine or alcohol can be used for disinfection. If the wound is deep, seek medical attention immediately to prevent tetanus infection. Reducing mosquito breeding and avoiding insect borne infectious diseases. After floods and disasters, accumulated water and mixed feces, garbage, and animal carcasses together form an ideal environment for mosquito breeding, increasing the risk of transmission of insect borne infectious diseases such as chikungunya fever and dengue fever. Xu Jinghang emphasized that the spread of such diseases follows a "human mosquito human" transmission path. Therefore, in order to reduce the spread of such diseases, the first step is to reduce mosquito breeding, check the bottom of flower pots, trays, and other places in the home that are prone to water accumulation and clean them in a timely manner, and take sealing measures for water tanks, water tanks, etc; When going out, try to equip with mosquito hats, wear long clothes and pants, and spray mosquito repellent on exposed areas; Mosquito prevention facilities such as screen doors, screen windows, and mosquito nets can be installed in the residence, and household mosquito control equipment such as mosquito coils and repellent can be used at night. (New Society)