Since June, high temperatures have swept through many countries in the northern hemisphere, and meteorological and health departments of various countries have called on the public to pay attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling. Experts from multiple countries stated in an interview with Xinhua News Agency that as global warming accelerates, extreme weather events will become more frequent and intense, and summer heat waves will come earlier and earlier, making it more common for multiple regions to experience extreme heat waves simultaneously. Therefore, governments around the world should not only strengthen early warning and help the public cope with hot weather, but also actively promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and slow down global warming in the long run. On June 27, 2025, in Rome, Italy, tourists cool off under a fan near the Colosseum. Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Jing's photo shows that many countries in the northern hemisphere have already experienced high temperatures, despite just entering summer. The high temperature warning issued by the Italian Ministry of Health from the 27th to the 29th shows that major cities in the country are experiencing widespread high temperatures, with multiple cities including Rome receiving a red alert for three consecutive days of high temperatures. A red alert for high temperatures indicates that the weather conditions are "urgent" and may have a negative impact on the general public, including the healthy and active population. According to the Frankfurt Review on the 22nd, there may be up to 14 days of high temperatures in western and southern Germany in the next two weeks, with temperatures expected to reach or exceed 30 degrees Celsius continuously. In some areas, the daily maximum temperature may even repeatedly rise above 35 degrees Celsius. The German Fire Federation warned on the 24th that the risk of forest fires is constantly increasing and may further intensify in the coming weeks. The UK Met Office said on the 19th that many parts of the UK reached their highest temperatures of the year on the 19th, and a heatwave is approaching. Temperatures will continue to rise in the coming days. The data shows that some regions have exceeded 30 degrees Celsius. The UK Health and Safety Agency issued an amber high temperature health alert to all regions of England on the same day, which means that the entire healthcare service system may be affected by weather, and the health risks of people over 65 years old or those with underlying diseases may also increase. According to data from the National Weather Service, nearly 40 cities in the United States recorded record high temperatures on the 23rd. In a high temperature warning, the agency said that "extremely dangerous high temperature weather continues to occur in the central and western regions and the east coast... About 160 million Americans, or nearly half of Americans, have been affected", affecting at least 29 states. Extreme high temperatures have put pressure on the power grid, caused train delays, and led to an increase in hospital admissions. Many parts of Japan set the highest temperatures in June. On the morning of the 23rd, the temperature in the central urban area of Tokyo has exceeded 30 degrees Celsius. The Japan Meteorological Agency released a long-term weather forecast for July to September this year on the 24th, stating that Japan will experience prolonged heatwaves throughout the summer, with high temperatures expected to continue until September. How to deal with high temperature weather? High temperature can affect human health through various ways. Anyone can experience heat exhaustion, with symptoms including dizziness, headache, fatigue, thirst, etc. If left untreated, it may progress to more severe heatstroke and even lead to organ damage or death. According to data released by the French Public Health Agency in March this year, the number of deaths caused by high summer temperatures in the country exceeded 3700 in 2024, accounting for more than 2% of all deaths due to the same period. More than three-quarters of them were elderly people aged 75 and above. According to the Robert Koch Institute for Disease Control and Prevention in Germany, approximately 3000 people will die from heat related causes in 2024 alone. Therefore, experts call on all countries to take active action to cope with the increasingly frequent high temperature weather. Andreas Walter, spokesperson for the German Meteorological Agency, pointed out in an interview with reporters: "With the increasing number of heat wave events, vulnerable populations will face serious health risks. Especially cities should take measures to alleviate the impact of heat waves, such as increasing urban greenery and providing shaded areas to improve local conditions." British public health expert John Ashton said that measures must be taken to cope with high temperature weather, including strengthening water resource management, large-scale afforestation, and providing shade for towns. Julian Nicolas, a scientist at the Copernicus Climate Change Service, the EU climate monitoring agency, pointed out that early warning systems and public health strategies are crucial for protecting vulnerable groups. Experts remind that when hot weather strikes, individuals should not only use sun umbrellas, hats, and other sunscreen, but also timely replenish water and salt to prevent dehydration and heatstroke caused by high temperatures. Outdoor workers, elderly people, children, chronic disease patients, and pregnant women need to pay special attention to protection. In addition, some high-temperature areas are also tourist destinations. Tourists should pay attention to taking measures such as heatstroke prevention and cooling, and remain vigilant about the risks of wildfires that may be caused by high temperatures. Experts point out that as global warming continues, extreme heat events are expected to become more common, intense, and long-lasting in many regions, with summer heat occurring earlier and earlier. These changes will have wide-ranging impacts on human health, food and water security, and ecosystems. Experts from multiple countries attribute the current high temperatures in the northern hemisphere to the "hot dome" effect. Nicholas explained that extreme heat events are usually associated with high-pressure systems, which act like "hot domes" trapping warm air near the surface, causing sustained hot, clear, and dry weather. Global warming further amplifies the impact of the "hot dome" effect. Nicholas said that the occurrence of high temperatures earlier this year reflects a broader trend: with global warming, the hot season begins earlier and heat waves appear earlier. Richard Allen, a climate expert at the University of Reading in the UK, also believes that climate change exacerbates these weather patterns, so reducing greenhouse gas emissions remains the key to reducing extreme weather events. Global warming has led to more unstable climate, frequent extreme weather events, and cold waves are also one of them. Australia, located in the southern hemisphere, has experienced multiple cold waves since the beginning of winter in June. In Gulburn, New South Wales, the temperature reached minus 10 degrees Celsius on the morning of the 22nd. The Blue Book on Climate Change in China (2025) released by the China Meteorological Administration on the 27th shows that the global warming trend is continuing, and the average global surface temperature in 2024 will be the highest since meteorological observations began in 1850. Experts believe that this is the result of the combined effects of global warming caused by human activities, mainly greenhouse gas emissions, and natural variability factors within the climate system such as El Ni ñ o. (New Society)