As an important and forward-looking field in the development of modern marine economy, the Gulf economy has rich connotations and diverse values, and urgently needs systematic research, top-level design, and planning guidance to help promote the high-quality development of marine economy. The total length of the coastline of mainland China and its islands exceeds 32000 kilometers, forming more than 160 bays with a sea area of over 10 square kilometers. Among them, there are 11 large bays with an area of 500 square kilometers or more and good transportation location and resource endowment, namely Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay, and Laizhou Bay located in the Bohai Sea, Jiaozhou Bay and Haizhou Bay located in the Yellow Sea, Hangzhou Bay, Sansha Bay, and Xinghua Bay located in the East China Sea, and Daya Bay, Leizhou Bay, and Beibu Gulf located in the South China Sea. Geographically, a bay is a U-shaped depression sea area surrounded by land on three sides and connected to the sea on one side. It is also a type of coastline formed by the interaction of geological structures, sea level changes, and river sedimentation between land and sea. Relying on this geographical condition, the bay has multiple value functions such as economic engine, ecological barrier, and strategic pivot. Economically, bays are important carriers for the development of marine economy, capable of carrying functions such as trade hubs and resource development. For example, 70% of the world's major ports are located in bays, and 60% of international goods trade is concentrated in bays. Ecologically, it can provide a habitat environment for biodiversity and also contains important blue carbon sinks. Strengthening the research on the development plan of the Gulf economy can draw on the practical experience of the construction of the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area in China, and can also refer to the feasible paths of world-class bay areas represented by the Tokyo Bay Area, New York Bay Area, San Francisco Bay Area, etc. Since the issuance and implementation of the Development Plan Outline for the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area, under the combined effects of strategic empowerment, planning guidance, institutional integration, regional coordination, and innovation drive, complementary industrial clusters such as manufacturing and science and technology innovation have been formed. A world-class city cluster with a population of over 86 million people and a world-class port cluster with a cargo throughput of over 1.85 billion tons have been formed, with a high degree of openness and strong economic vitality. It has been entrusted with the task of "building an international science and technology innovation center" and continues to unleash the "bay area momentum" of cultivating new quality productivity. From the development history of world-class bay areas, it can be seen that they have all benefited from the rise of maritime trade. In terms of comparative advantages, each Greater Bay Area leverages its unique endowments and adapts to industrial trends, actively competing for development opportunities while also focusing on practical and differentiated development. For example, the Tokyo Bay Area is mainly an "industrial bay area" centered on high-end manufacturing in the Keihin and Keiyo industrial belts; The New York Bay Area is mainly a "financial bay area" that relies on Wall Street and expands to the integration of creative economy and technology; The San Francisco Bay Area is a "technology bay area" driven by Silicon Valley, focusing on cutting-edge technology research and industrialization. In terms of factor guarantee, the transportation conditions in each Greater Bay Area have significant advantages, and they focus on creating an innovation driven, dynamic and open development environment. It should also be noted that the development of world-class bay areas has also learned profound lessons. For example, large-scale land reclamation in the Tokyo Bay Area has turned 95% of the coastline into artificial shorelines, resulting in the disappearance of over 90% of wetlands and causing significant damage to fisheries and the ecological environment. Currently, the global ocean economy has entered a critical stage of accelerated transformation and pattern reshaping. Developing the Gulf economy is of great significance for better grasping the trend of the global ocean economy shifting eastward and promoting high-quality development of China's ocean economy. In the current and future period, efforts can be made to strengthen the research on Gulf economic development planning from the following aspects. Firstly, clarify the situation and provide precise guidance. Deepen the Gulf Census and Evaluation, improve the data analysis index system, and establish a dynamic database covering resource endowment, carrying capacity, development potential, and other aspects. Based on the main functional positioning, clarify the carrying space and development boundaries, scientifically divide the categories of port logistics, manufacturing innovation, energy resource, cultural tourism integration, ecological conservation, etc., as well as the three-dimensional layered utilization space of the sea area, and accurately guide the development direction and focus of different types of bay economy. Secondly, prioritize ecology and promote green development. Build a solid ecological security barrier, strengthen comprehensive environmental protection management, and establish a sound ecological protection compensation and product value realization mechanism based on ocean carbon sink accounting. Explore the establishment of green standards and certification, evaluation and assessment systems for the development of the Gulf economy, and increase the promotion and application of mature technologies and business models for green circular economy. Promote the green upgrading of traditional industries, vigorously develop green industries such as marine clean energy, green shipping, biomedicine, seawater desalination and comprehensive utilization, and accelerate the low-carbon transformation of industrial structure. Thirdly, land sea coordination and open collaboration. Improve the comprehensive three-dimensional transportation and modern logistics network, and enhance the agglomeration and radiation ability of key bay economic carrying areas to both land and sea sectors. Orderly promote the optimization and integration of coastal port clusters, fully combining their differentiated and complementary advantages in key domestic and international markets, characteristic business areas, etc., relying on modern port and shipping comprehensive logistics services based on land sea intermodal transportation and system integration, and enhancing the organizational capabilities of industrial and supply chains. Steadily expanding institutional openness and expanding and deepening international cooperation space in the Gulf economy. Fourth, innovation driven, linkage and integration. We will strengthen independent technological innovation, institutional mechanism innovation, and business model innovation in areas such as marine ranching, offshore wind power, and tidal energy, in response to the demand for scenario based application of key industries in the Gulf Economic Carrying Area. Actively explore the path of integrated development of port and shipping transportation, logistics, energy, manufacturing and other industries, and promote the formation of port clusters, industrial clusters, and urban clusters with strong international competitiveness in key developed Gulf economic regions. (Xinhua News Agency) Author: Wang Yangkun (Director and Researcher of the Transportation Technology Development Center at the Comprehensive Transportation Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Macroeconomics)