On May 28th, the polar research icebreaker "Xuelong 2" arrived at Haikou, Hainan, marking the successful completion of all research tasks by China's 41st Antarctic Expedition Team. The "Xuelong 2" departed from Guangzhou on November 1, 2024, lasting 208 days and covering a total distance of over 40000 nautical miles. The biggest highlight of this expedition is the first joint voyage conducted by China in the autumn of Antarctica, with the Ross Sea ecosystem as the main research object. It successfully extended the traditional Antarctic expedition from summer to the more harsh autumn and winter conditions. A total of 24 comprehensive marine survey stations were completed on 4 sections, 34 observation buoys were deployed, and more than 5000 water samples, membrane samples, sediment samples, biological and sea ice samples were collected. This voyage mainly made new discoveries in three aspects: water structure, low trophic level organisms, krill, and high trophic level organisms. The "Snow Dragon 2" continued to conduct investigations and research in the Amundsen Sea and Ross Sea, successfully completing tasks such as investigating the trophic structure of key species in the upper and middle layers of the ocean, anchoring submersible targets, and successfully collecting long gravity rock cores for the first time in the Amundsen Sea. The expedition mission completed by the "Xuelong 2" is the longest single ship polar expedition in China, further promoting international cooperation in scientific research and logistics support in the polar field, exploring new ways and methods for conducting international, cross seasonal, and interdisciplinary comprehensive investigations, deepening the international community's understanding of the adaptation of the ecosystem environment and the survival strategies of key biological groups in the weak light dark environment of autumn in Antarctica, and providing effective scientific support for China to actively participate in the protection and international governance of Antarctic marine ecology. (New Society)