The recent "Surrealist Art Auction" held in London has once again focused people's attention on this art genre. As one of the most influential global literary movements of the 20th century, although the golden age of surrealism is a thing of the past, its profound influence still exists today. This movement is not only a unique cultural phenomenon, but also an artistic revolution that subverts ideas. It has inspired countless creators with profound philosophical concepts and highly personalized expression techniques, and continues to radiate new vitality in contemporary times. At the beginning of the 20th century, European culture and thought underwent a dramatic transformation known as the 'impossible encounter'. The technological progress brought about by the Industrial Revolution and the trauma of two world wars have profoundly changed humanity's worldview and values. The changes in social structure, the innovation of art forms, and the reflection on traditional values collectively gave birth to modernist art. Against this backdrop, surrealism emerged and became one of the most influential art movements of the 20th century. During this period, photography rapidly became popular as a technological means of recording reality, raising questions about the practicality and functionality of traditional painting. Artists are beginning to reflect and redefine the essence of art, no longer satisfied with a simple representation of external reality. At the same time, Freud's concepts of the subconscious, instinct theory, and dream theory provided artists with new perspectives and paths to explore the inner world of humanity, enabling them to transcend the constraints of reality and enter a broader spiritual realm. In 1924, French poet Andr é Breton published the "Surrealist Manifesto", officially announcing the birth of this art movement. Breton believed that the core of surrealism lies in breaking through the shackles of reason and logic through "pure spiritual unconscious activities", and revealing the instinctive emotions deep in human hearts. He advocates creating through methods such as dreams, automatic writing, and free association to enter the forbidden zone of the subconscious. Breton's philosophy was deeply influenced by Dadaism, but unlike Dadaism, Surrealism focuses more on exploring the undiscovered areas of the soul rather than simply rebelling and destroying it. Breton, along with other surrealists such as Louis Aragon and Paul Eluard, explored the relationship between dreams, the subconscious, and the unconscious through literary experiments and collective creation, attempting to find an artistic language that breaks away from tradition. Regarding the creation of surrealist poetry, Pierre Leverdi has a famous statement: "The more correctly and distantly two realities are placed together, the stronger the imagery - and the more emotional and poetic it is." By placing facts that cannot be analogized and are far apart together, surrealist literature creates a strong and new way of imagery and expression, such as "the human heart is as beautiful as a seismometer," "birds sing like never before in this fish tank," or the most well-known quote from Eluah: "The earth is like a blue orange. The beauty of imagery in surrealist literature lies in the destruction of rational analogical expectations, allowing people to see another possibility besides logic that connects all things and soothes the soul. With the development of theory, surrealism gradually expanded into the field of visual arts. In fact, one of the most prominent features of the Surrealist movement is that it is a revolution initiated by a collaboration between writers and artists. As a key figure in the movement, Breton has repeatedly compared Rimbaud's poetry to Kirico's oil paintings, Neval's novels to Giacometti's paintings. However, it is somewhat contradictory that in the early stages of the movement, Pierre Neville declared, "Everyone has noticed that there is no such thing as surrealist painting. Whether it is crayon graffiti, lines that reproduce dreams, or imagined landscapes, they cannot be considered as criteria for judgment. The style of the painter is too complicated, The academic community tends to view 'surrealist painting' as a dynamic consensus rather than a rigid definition. It is precisely this openness that enables the creation of artists with diverse styles such as Uchelo, Moro, Matisse, and Delan to be unified under the spirit of surrealism. Like surrealist literary creation, surrealist painting also attempts to break the logic of reality through irrational means and create a unique lyrical image. Hegel believed that art, also known as "expression," is a close connection between emotions and subjective expression. Breton also agrees with this viewpoint, that is, artistic creation requires two conditions: one is emotions and their expression; The second is to transform art into the expressionist concept of internal and external dialectics. To illustrate this artistic tendency, Breton once quoted the important words of German Romantic painter Caspar David Friedrich: "Close your physiological eyes first so that you can view the painting with your spiritual eyes. Secondly, present what you see in the dark so that you can influence others' inner selves through externalization." It is precisely at this point that German Romanticism and Surrealism took two diverging paths. Both emphasize being in a dreamlike state, but the German romantic dream is for the ultimate 'awakening', while the surrealist dream is for being more firmly immersed in the 'nucleus of the night'. In one of Breton's highly appreciated works, "The Brain of a Child," painter Kiriko vividly depicts this call to return: in order to see, the father appears with his eyes closed. Although Kiriko's style is closer to metaphysical art, he is also recognized as a pioneer of surrealism, and one of his representative works, "Love Songs," is also seen as a visual translation of surrealist literature. In this mesmerizing oil painting, we can see a statue of Apollo, a surgeon's glove, and a spherical model used for sketching placed together in a background that resembles a city street. Statues, gloves, or spheres can be seen everywhere in daily life, and simply displaying these objects does not bring vibration to people. But once these items are detached from the everyday background and placed in a parallel relationship, a mysterious scene is immediately created. Because in 'real life', a statue of Apollo is difficult to meet the gloves of a surgeon. By juxtaposing unrelated objects in the same system and scaling their actual sizes, Kiriko renders these objects meaningless and enters a dizzying new structure. Even before painters used various elements of "encounters" to reshape reality, poets had already depicted the "encounter between a sewing machine and an umbrella on the operating table" in their works. This Lothriamon, who made literature "flip over like an umbrella," himself and his work "The Song of Maduro" are both regarded as pioneers of surrealist spirit. It is the impossible encounter he created that broke the metaphorical system of poetry based on rational reality for a long time and created a new freedom of disorder. Magritte's work 'Personal Value' also has a similar visual expression. In a closed space with the sky as the wallpaper, everyday items such as combs, wine glasses, soap, etc. appear in astonishing sizes, but compared to these, beds and cabinets appear extremely small. By placing everyday objects in strange backgrounds, Magritte reproduces Kiriko's poetic style in "Love Song," inspiring people to deeply contemplate the subtle connections between objects and space, scale and meaning. Through the combination of visual symbols, surrealist artists constantly break free from the constraints of traditional art forms, creating art forms full of dreamy colors and deviating from tradition. Dali's "Eternity of Memory" and Magritte's "Betrayal of Images" are outstanding representatives in this field of art. Whether it's the twisted clocks in Dali's works or the contradictory visual designs of Magritte, they both prompt the audience to re-examine their understanding of reality and dreams, rationality and irrationality. These works not only challenge traditional artistic concepts, but also trigger profound reflections from the audience on themselves and the world. On the eve of World War II, the creation of surrealism began to have a clear political color, with a clear opposition to the expansion of fascism in Europe. In "The Political Position of Surrealism," Breton explicitly stated that art should be combined with social reality and actively participate in the struggle of reality. For example, during the Spanish Civil War, Dali created "A premonition of the Civil War" to express the harm that war has caused to humanity. Surrealism has gradually transformed from a pure artistic experiment to a force that opposes oppression and criticizes reality. After the end of World War II, the global political and cultural landscape underwent profound changes, and surrealist artists also showcased their artistic achievements on a broader international stage. With the wartime exile of numerous surrealist artists, this art genre gradually broke through geographical limitations and began to spread and develop globally. For example, the works of Max Ernst, Eve Don, and others were exhibited in the United States, bringing a new visual experience and way of thinking to the American art world, and directly promoting the rise of abstract expressionism and action painting. Jackson Pollock was inspired by the surrealist automatic creation technique and developed the famous "drip painting" technique, which emphasizes the free flow of emotions and subconsciousness in the painting process, becoming one of the most iconic artistic expressions of the 20th century. Latin America has also become an important battleground for this art trend. Mexican artist Frida Kahlo skillfully combines local cultural elements with surrealist visual language from her unique perspective, creating a series of works that express personal emotions and national history. Her paintings typically adopt a strong self portrait style, exploring profound themes such as identity, pain, and cultural identity through rich symbolic elements. Two Fridas "is one of her representative works, which depicts her deep experience of self-identity division and reflection on colonial history through concrete depictions of the heart and blood vessels, becoming a landmark work of surrealism in Latin America. In Africa, surrealism has also found its unique development path. Egyptian painter Ramses Younan co founded the "Art and Freedom Group" with poet and journalist George Haining in 1938, and the collective of intellectuals and artists who formed the group maintained close ties with international peers, including Breton. This cross-cultural exchange ultimately paved the way for the development of surrealism in Egypt. Younan once conducted a critical analysis of the influence of surrealism in Europe in his book "The Goals of Modern Artists", affirming its avant-garde nature and pointing out its limitations, calling it a "bourgeois myth". For this reason, Egyptian surrealists