Endless frontiers of future universities
2025-01-24
Universities play an important role in the process of human modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "the strategic decision made by the Party Central Committee to accelerate the construction of world-class universities and disciplines is to improve the development level of higher education in China and enhance the country's core competitiveness." The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made an important deployment to "accelerate the construction of a high-quality education system, and comprehensively promote the reform of education methods, school models, management systems, and guarantee mechanisms. The direction of this profound reform is undoubtedly towards the future. Faced with the trend of human society moving from industrial civilization to digital civilization, how can universities seize the new opportunities of digital civilization and lead the new development of the digital age? It is certain that innovation will make future universities vastly different from the present. For the reform of higher education in the process of Chinese path to modernization, we need to think about "where to expect it to arrive" rather than "where it may arrive". From knowledge-based education to innovative education, the main task of future universities is not only to impart knowledge, but also to cultivate students' innovative thinking, critical thinking, and lifelong learning abilities, in order to help them develop the ability to face the future and explore more possibilities in uncertain environments. In summary, universities in the future will shift from knowledge-based education to innovative education. The ways of knowledge production and knowledge acquisition have undergone changes. With the advent of the digital age, the cost of acquiring knowledge has greatly decreased, and the traditional path of knowledge education will no longer be suitable for the new forms of universities in the future. In future universities, the fine-grained nature of knowledge points is a disruptive transformation, as artificial intelligence can identify and extract knowledge points more precisely and accurately. This will completely change our understanding of the organization and presentation of educational content, and traditional course content will be broken down into smaller and easier to understand parts. Each knowledge point is designed and explained by the experts who are most proficient in it, ensuring the authority and cutting-edge nature of the teaching content while reducing the constraints of traditional knowledge frameworks on innovation. The ecosystem of knowledge points can also be open, encouraging teachers, students, industry experts, and other members of society to participate in creation and expansion, forming an active and diverse knowledge community. The collaboration and innovation of open teaching materials and teaching processes will promote the personalization and originality of educational content, providing each learner with a richer, more diverse, and high-quality learning experience. The manifestation of teaching and learning abilities is not only a complete grasp of knowledge or knowledge points, but also the ability to transform problems into fine-grained tasks and acquire reliable and cutting-edge knowledge from different channels. Platform based teaching will better support personalized and virtualized learning. Personalized learning may become the core of future university education models, and artificial intelligence technology is the key tool to achieve this goal. Artificial intelligence is evolving from an assistant in knowledge production to a "new producer" on par with humans, becoming one of the main teaching subjects. It can be foreseen that in the future, universities will be able to achieve real-time monitoring and analysis of students' learning status, and customize personalized learning plans and teaching content, plan learning paths, monitor learning progress, and evaluate learning outcomes based on the individual characteristics of learners. Meanwhile, virtualizing the image of teachers may be another innovation in the future university education model. The reason why traditional distance education cannot overturn the existing path of higher education is largely due to the fact that traditional methods can only transmit knowledge unidirectionally and cannot achieve the remote and virtualization of situations. Through metaverse forms such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and 3D modeling, teachers can create virtual avatars, break through time and space limitations, provide services to global learners, and ensure the effectiveness of interactive contexts. In the context of virtual teaching, learners can more vividly feel the interactivity of teaching and the teaching norms of different schools, achieving mutual promotion, influence, and progress among teachers, machines, and students. Transitioning from a 'training program' to a 'growth program'. In future universities, interdisciplinary integration practices will become more necessary and easier to implement. Based on this, students can better cultivate human-machine symbiotic thinking and skills, personalized learning ability, thinking ability, communication ability, cooperation ability, as well as ethical values such as empathy, trust, benevolence, and care in the process of solving problems of interest. At the same time, comprehensive and personalized student growth records will be generated in real-time, facilitating better process evaluation and continuous improvement. The role of teachers will gradually evolve from traditional knowledge transmitters to guides, managers, and researchers of learning projects and student learning and development data. By continuously studying the large amount of data generated by teaching and learning, studying the laws of student development, and serving the ultimate goal of promoting students' individual development and cultivating moral character. In this way, for a long time, the "training program" provided to students from the supply side may give way to the "growth program" that highlights students' autonomous learning, relying on technological progress to force higher education reform through student growth. The transformation of scientific research and communication forms in future universities will inevitably break through traditional disciplinary boundaries, promote knowledge innovation and integration, and achieve paradigm transformation. Artificial intelligence may become an assistant to researchers, and a large amount of basic scientific research work will be replaced by technology, highlighting the importance of strategic scientists. At the same time, academic publishing is faster, and new academic publishing models may bring higher transparency, efficiency, and innovation to the field of scientific research. Artificial intelligence assists in scientific research and innovation. In the future, researchers at universities may be able to delegate many complex and tedious basic and repetitive tasks to robots, and human researchers will be more focused on creativity. Future universities will explore new collaborative models between artificial intelligence and human intelligence to jointly promote the development of cutting-edge science. For many researchers, artificial intelligence will be the "exoskeleton" of the brain, serving as the "sub brain" for teachers to conduct teaching, research, talent development, and social services. Of course, teachers and researchers in future universities should also uphold the core concept that humans are superior to artificial intelligence, consciously tame technological progress through interdisciplinary collaboration, and form a positive interaction between artificial intelligence and teaching and research workers. At the same time, we will comprehensively cultivate students' ability to master artificial intelligence, cultivate new era talents based on the creativity of machine attributes and human-machine symbiosis, and enable humans to run together with machines instead of racing against them. The form of scientific research has undergone profound changes. The increasing reliance on large-scale intelligent infrastructure and devices (such as big language models) for scientific research tools will lead to changes in the existing form of scientific research. On the one hand, the popularization of scientific research may be a major feature of the future university education ecosystem. With easier access and use of scientific research resources and tools, scientific research infrastructure and public services will become more complete, abundant, and accessible. On the other hand, the scientific research form will also bid farewell to the traditional paradigm of single handedness and enter a new stage of interdisciplinary division of labor and overall promotion in future science. Focusing on the deepening development of a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "scientific research is expanding towards the macro level, deepening towards the micro level, advancing towards extreme conditions, and advancing towards comprehensive cross cutting efforts, constantly breaking through the boundaries of human cognition." In this context, disciplinary boundaries are becoming increasingly blurred, and scientific research work is shifting from individual (team) research to organizational research, in order to create and lead major scientific breakthroughs, technological innovations, and tool innovations. Within scientific research organizations, the division of labor is becoming increasingly detailed and specialized, and strategic scientists with profound academic accumulation, outstanding innovation capabilities, and extensive academic influence are becoming increasingly important. Academic publications exhibit features such as granularity and machine readability. In the era of artificial intelligence, the presentation of academic achievements may no longer be limited to traditional long form papers. In the future, universities can explore new academic publishing models, such as nano publishing, and use smart contracts and blockchain technology to manage research projects, while protecting innovation and accelerating the rapid dissemination and application of research results. This form of achievement will be more suitable for rapid iteration and interdisciplinary integration, and will help the academic community to capture and share it in a timely manner. Machine readability is another important feature. By using standardized formats and clear metadata, machines can automatically parse paper content for data integration, analysis, and inference, which will provide a foundation for intelligent chemistry research and also drive a change in traditional academic citation relationships. In fine-grained academic achievements, citations can be precise to specific data points, experimental methods, or theoretical viewpoints, which helps to more accurately track academic contributions and impacts. New academic evaluation systems and incentive mechanisms will also emerge accordingly. The multidimensional reshaping of university governance will no longer be limited to the innovation of education, teaching, and research methods. All aspects of university governance will be reshaped. Significant changes have occurred in the form of education. For a long time, the dissemination of knowledge has required fixed venues such as schools. The rapid development of technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and virtual reality has greatly enriched the forms of education and expanded the scope of time and space. Everyone is a learner, education is everywhere, and social learning is ubiquitous. The structural existence of political ecology, social field, cultural form, and economic operation all play a certain educational function. University education is no longer isolated from other forms of education, but rather permeates and influences each other. In the future, universities will be heavily supported by digital technology, transcending physical space and time, becoming more open, with more flexible organizational forms and wider distribution of resources. As a dynamic, learner centered educational ecosystem, future universities will be more adaptable to rapidly changing social and economic needs. By gathering resources, they may create borderless learning support for students, forming an open, virtual reality integrated, online and offline combined ecological environment that can support lifelong learning, research, and innovation. The transformation of academic governance models towards the future. Academic governance involves two core issues - power allocation and resource allocation, based on academic evaluation. Traditional academic evaluation faces "administrative failure" under bureaucratic governance and "market failure" in market operation. In the future, universities will call for new models of academic evaluation and governance. Distributed governance may become the operational core of innovative academic evaluation. Distributed governance can distribute educational resources, funding, and opportunities more fairly and transparently through collective intelligence and democratic decision-making processes, while also stimulating academic innovation and knowledge sharing. Utilizing technologies such as blockchain to ensure accurate recording and fair evaluation of the contributions of all participants, using smart contracts to automate project management and fund allocation, thereby reducing operating costs, improving efficiency, and promoting an open, collaborative, and self-sustaining education ecosystem. Through this approach, future universities can break through the limitations of traditional hierarchical structures, recover innovation losses caused by market mechanisms, form more open, inclusive, and innovative educational platforms, achieve global knowledge co creation and educational resource sharing, and promote the development of global knowledge systems and the progress of human civilization. Future universities may not only change the way educational institutions operate, but may also redefine concepts of education, research, and innovation. In future universities, everyone can be a creator, disseminator, and user of knowledge, and education is no longer limited to classrooms and courses, but permeates every corner and member of society