I accidentally got a small cut on my hand, but there isn't much bleeding. It's best to use a band aid at this time. what? Are Band Aids and Band Aids two completely different things? In addition, some people believe that fruits should not be heated and that various medicines must be taken at intervals in daily life, etc., are actually health pseudo knowledge! Come and take a look at the latest issue of the "science" rumor list to learn the truth. The monthly "science" rumor list is jointly released by the Beijing Association of Science and Technology, the Beijing Municipal Committee Cyberspace Office and the Capital Internet Association, and the Beijing Association of Science and Technology Journalists and Editors, and the Beijing regional website platform. Rumor: Standing up for work is healthier. Truth: It is said that sitting for long periods of time can harm the body. So, as long as office workers switch to standing up for work, can they offset the harm of sitting for long periods of time? Actually, there isn't. The potential health risks of prolonged sitting in office have been confirmed by medical research. Sitting for a long time will reduce the metabolic rate, thus increasing the risk of obesity, type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Although standing for work can improve some indicators such as blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, and triglyceride levels, these improvements may not significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. And standing desks and similar work postures cannot avoid the health problems caused by prolonged sitting. To achieve the best office health results, it is recommended to adopt an alternating sitting standing work mode: for example, using an adjustable height desk, users can flexibly change positions during work, which helps to reduce the negative effects of prolonged sitting or standing. According to expert advice, the ideal office mode should include regular posture changes, switching between sitting and standing positions every 30 to 60 minutes, combined with simple office activities such as stretching and short walks, which can further improve overall health and reduce health risks. In summary, a reasonable combination of standing and sitting posture during work and increasing daily activity are effective strategies for maintaining health. Rumor Band Aids, also known as Band Aids, is true: Band Aids and Band Aids are only one word apart, and their appearance looks no different. Therefore, many people mistakenly believe that Band Aids and Band Aids are the same thing, just different names. But in reality, these two types of products do differ in terms of ingredients, efficacy, and attributes. From the perspective of ingredient efficacy, band aids generally contain medication, while wound dressings do not contain medication. For example, the well-known Yunnan Baiyao Band Aid and Benzalkonium Chloride Patch both contain medicinal ingredients, which have therapeutic effects such as hemostasis and anti-inflammatory. Band aids, as they do not contain medication, primarily use physical means to compress and stop bleeding, covering the wound. From the perspective of attributes, adhesive bandages containing drugs belong to drugs and will be labeled with the "National Medical Products Administration" on their outer packaging; And wound dressings belong to medical devices, and the batch number with the word "equipment" can also be found on the shell. Band aids and adhesive bandages are suitable for trauma with neat, clean, superficial, small incisions that do not require suturing, and should be used according to different situations. If there are small wounds, band aids can be used, as medication can help the wound heal faster; If only physical isolation is used to protect the skin, such as when shoes are worn on the feet, then adhesive tape can be used. Medicated band aids will be labeled as prohibited on the outer packaging or instructions, so everyone must pay attention. In addition, some people may be allergic to the medication components in band aids. If discomfort occurs in the wound when using band aids containing medication, it is recommended to stop using them immediately. The rumor that "black technology" underwear can self heat up is true: on some online platforms, the sales of "self heating underwear" are showing a hot scene. Merchants claim to use "black technologies" such as "far-infrared" and "graphene" in thermal underwear, which is both beautiful, lightweight, and warm, perfectly solving all the drawbacks of traditional thermal underwear. It can even be worn at -40 ℃ without getting cold. However, if you want to make a name for yourself with a thermal underwear, I advise you to be cautious. According to the law of conservation of energy, heat cannot be generated out of thin air, so there is no true self heating fiber. All 'self heating' actually generates heat through external forces. At present, most of the "self heating underwear" on the market use the principle of fiber moisture absorption to generate heat. The textile industry generally uses a blend of multiple fibers to achieve a balance between moisture absorption, heat release, and moisture wicking dryness. For example, blending acrylic fibers with polyester fibers to promote this type of blended fiber as a "self heating" textile is actually a marketing tactic used by businesses. Far infrared textiles are an efficient insulation material, with a heating principle of first absorbing heat and then releasing heat. It absorbs two types of energy: one is energy from the environment, such as visible light, infrared, far-infrared, etc. in sunlight; Another type is the energy emitted by the human body itself. After absorbing this energy, far-infrared fibers will convert it into far-infrared radiation and radiate it back to the human body, thereby providing heat to the human body. However, the cost of far-infrared fibers is relatively high, so there are not many real far-infrared textiles on the market. Similarly, graphene is a nanomaterial with high strength, high conductivity, and excellent thermal conductivity. Graphene fibers can be used to manufacture clothing with functions such as antibacterial, deodorizing, and UV protection. However, the high cost and high preparation process requirements of graphene textiles make it difficult to mass produce, so the added graphene in autumn clothes and pants priced around 100 yuan on the market is basically not real graphene. Experts say that lightness and warmth are inherently contradictory, and with current technological levels, many "black technology" textile products cannot achieve the effects claimed by businesses, and advertising slogans may be exaggerated. Meanwhile, the tightness of thermal underwear should be moderate, neither too tight nor too loose. Tight fitting design helps maintain body temperature, while excessive looseness may lead to cold air infiltration, affecting the insulation effect. Rumor: Fruits should not be heated for consumption. Truth: People who insist that fruits should not be heated for consumption mostly think that the various nutrients in fruits will be destroyed after heating. In fact, most fruits have little loss of nutrients after heating, and only a few fruits with high vitamin C content, such as kiwi, orange, grapefruit, orange, strawberry, etc., will have their vitamin C destroyed after heating. And the fruits we often eat, such as apples, pears, bananas, etc., do not have particularly high vitamin C content, so there is no significant loss after heating. For example, heating an apple before consumption is more suitable for the elderly and those with indigestion. Whether boiled, steamed, or baked, apples do not suffer significant loss of nutrients. The potassium and dietary fiber in apples will not be lost due to heating, they are heat stable components; Under short-term heating conditions, the content of polyphenolic substances may even slightly increase; The pectin in apple peels will gradually dissolve and be more easily absorbed by the human body; The sugar in apples will not be destroyed by heating, and may even form small amounts of oligosaccharides due to heating. After heating fruits, dietary fiber is softened, which can reduce irritation to the gastrointestinal tract and is more suitable for people with weaker gastrointestinal function, as well as menstrual women, postpartum women, dental patients, etc. In winter, if you are worried about the fruit getting cold, you can soak the sliced fruit in hot water or microwave it slightly before eating. Rumor: There is a problem with cooking oil turning black when it burns. The truth is that there is a rumor circulating on the internet that if cooking oil is overheated and turns into a black substance similar to asphalt, it indicates that it has been mixed with unsafe substances and belongs to "problem oil". Actually, it's not like that. All edible oils undergo a series of fission polymerization reactions after excessive but incomplete combustion, forming a black gel like substance. This is a normal phenomenon and a common feature of fats, not a food safety issue. The main component of edible oil is triglycerides, which are composed of two parts: glycerol and fatty acids. When edible oil is heated to a certain temperature, triglycerides begin to oxidize and decompose, producing some small molecule volatile substances, commonly known as oil fumes. Generally speaking, the time point at which vegetable oil produces oil fumes, also known as the smoke point, is related to the type and degree of refinement of the edible oil. The smoke point of refined oil is usually around 200 degrees Celsius. Continuing to heat up to over 300 degrees Celsius, the ignition point of the oil is reached, and the edible oil will burn, resulting in a violent oxidation reaction. Unsaturated fatty acids in oils and fats contain a large number of double bonds (fatty acids are divided into saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids). During combustion, oxidation cracking occurs, and polymerization reactions also occur, forming substances with larger molecular weights, which are referred to by netizens as asphalt like black gel like substances. This substance is actually monomeric carbon formed when vegetable oil is not fully burned. If the temperature is continuously increased and further heated, these black gelatinous substances can still be completely burned, producing carbon dioxide and water. This is similar to the fact that incomplete combustion of wood can form charcoal, and motor vehicles sometimes emit black smoke. Rumor: When taking multiple medications at the same time, there must be a time interval. Truth: Some people believe that when taking multiple medications at the same time, there must be a time interval. Otherwise, if one medication is taken at the same time, it will cause a "fight" in the stomach, which can affect the efficacy in mild cases and produce toxins in severe cases. In fact, this is a common misconception that taking multiple medications at the same time does not necessarily require taking them at regular intervals. Especially for many elderly people, due to the need to take multiple medications, they may take them half an hour or an hour apart, which may affect the timing of medication administration and thus affect their quality of life. Whether to take medication at intervals should be determined based on the characteristics and interactions of the medication. For example, certain medications such as levothyroxine and calcium tablets may need to be taken at intervals of more than two hours to avoid mutual interference in the absorption process. However, for most drugs, they can be taken simultaneously without clear interaction data, and safety is ensured through regular monitoring of drug efficacy indicators. Therefore, whether it is necessary to take medication at intervals should be consulted with the professional advice of a doctor or pharmacist, rather than decided by oneself. Rumor: Regular intravenous infusion can clear blood vessels. Truth: Every winter, many elderly people will "take precautions" and hope to clean their blood vessels through infusion, hoping to flush away the dirt in the blood vessels and prevent cardiovascular disease. However, the claim that intravenous infusion can unblock blood vessels and prevent cardiovascular diseases is not entirely correct. Some so-called vasodilators, such as those with antiplatelet aggregation and microcirculation improving effects, may help improve symptoms in acute events such as cerebral infarction, but are not recommended for long-term use in preventing cardiovascular disease. The prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases relies more on long-term use of evidence-based antiplatelet and lipid-lowering drugs. In addition, medications to improve symptoms are usually used on an as needed basis rather than on a regular basis. For elderly patients, their heart and kidney function may have declined, and frequent infusion may increase the risk of heart failure, edema, and other conditions. Therefore, we should follow the principle of "never choose intravenous infusion if it can be taken orally" and avoid long-term and regular use of infusion drugs. Rumor about using ibuprofen for dengue fever: It is circulating online that dengue fever patients should reduce their fever as soon as possible. Common fever reducing drugs at home, such as ibuprofen and aspirin, can be used. Refuting rumors! Dengue fever patients should avoid using ibuprofen and aspirin for fever reduction! The "Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Dengue Fever (2024)" recommend that physical cooling should be the main method when suffering from dengue fever, such as using warm water for bathing. It also emphasizes that patients with persistent high fever can use antipyretic drugs such as acetaminophen, and use aspirin, ibuprofen, and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with caution to avoid aggravating gastritis or bleeding. In addition,