What is the difference between type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes? What should patients pay attention to? Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease. The immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys its own islet cells, leading to diseases caused by abnormal insulin function, mainly in children and adolescents. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes. It is caused by a variety of adverse factors that make the body unable to use insulin effectively, leading to disease. It usually occurs in adulthood, especially in the middle-aged and elderly population. Type 1 diabetes patients must rely on insulin. Type 2 diabetes is mainly treated by lifestyle changes, drugs and insulin. For patients with type 1 diabetes, regular insulin injection should be carried out in strict accordance with the doctor's recommendations, and blood sugar and ketone body levels should be monitored regularly to prevent ketoacidosis and keep blood sugar in an appropriate range. In terms of diet, pay attention to replenishing water, arrange diet reasonably, avoid significant fluctuations in blood sugar, and maintain regular and moderate exercise. For patients with type 2 diabetes, it is necessary to take hypoglycemic drugs/inject insulin according to the doctor's advice, regularly review blood sugar, adjust drug dosage, and avoid hypoglycemia. Control total calorie intake in diet, replenish fluids, ensure sufficient sleep, adhere to aerobic exercise, and control weight. At the same time, it is necessary to regularly check the fundus, renal function, nervous system, and cardiovascular health, and promptly detect and deal with complications. What precautions do diabetes patients have when eating fruits? Eat fruits in moderation between meals, preferably with low glycemic index (GI) fruits. Even low sugar fruit, diabetes patients also need to pay attention to the amount of food. Eating more fiber rich foods in summer can help control blood sugar. Moderate exercise, but avoid hot periods. (Lai Xin She)